Passage 1
（2018·全国·高考真题） Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.
I found the pre-holidays a good time to encourage young children to donate less-used things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about becoming a doctor)
For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ball-simple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, completely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.
We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.
1．What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．The more, the better.B．Enough is enough.
C．More money, more worries.D．Earn more and spend more.
2．What made Georgia agree to sell some of her objects?
A．Saving up for her holidayB．Raising money for a poor girl
C．Adding the money to her fundD．Giving the money to a sick mother
3．Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?
A．To try out an idea
B．To show a parent’s love
C．To train his attention
D．To help him start a hobby
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Take It or Leave ItB．A Lesson from Kids
C．Live More with LessD．The Pleasure of Giving
Passage 2
（2020·全国·高考真题） Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
5．In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play?
A．Building confidence.B．Developing spatial skills.
C．Learning self-control.D．Gaining high-tech knowledge.
6．What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
A．Parents’ age.B．Children’s imagination.
C．Parents’ education.D．Child-parent relationship.
7．How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play?
A．They play with puzzles more often.
B．They tend to talk less during the game.
C．They prefer to use more spatial language.
D．They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
8．What is the text mainly about?
A．A mathematical method.B．A scientific study.
C．A woman psychologistD．A teaching program.
Passage 3
（2018·天津·高考真题） Fire Prevention Information
The University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
Fire Alarms
The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的）fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄）these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.
Fire Drills
A fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:
·Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.
·Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.
·Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.
Fire Extinguishers
Fire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.
Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.
Smoke Detector
A smoke detector is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:
·If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.
·Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.
·If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.
9．What is the main duty of the fire prevention professionals?
A．To provide part-time jobs for students.
B．To lead the students to the nearest exits.
C．To check and maintain fire prevention equipment.
D．To train teachers to be fire prevention professionals.
10．What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?
A．Pipes and smoke detectors.
B．Smoke detectors and sprinklers.
C．Fire alarm pull stations and pipes.
D．Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations
11．In a fire drill, the students should ________.
A．rush quickly to a lift
B．gather at the nearest exit.
C．shut the door and leave at once
D．wait for instructions in the hall
12．What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?
A．Using them wrongly results in punishment.
B．Irresponsible use of them can damage them.
C．Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.
D．Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
13．To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_________.
A．contact the hall staff regularly
B．cover the things that burn easily
C．start the smoke detector in a fire
D．make certain the red light is working
Passage 4
（2018·全国·高考真题）Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family’s last vacation. It was my six--year-old son’s winter break from school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a week long trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day．I had meetings in New York, so I had to get back. But that didn’t mean my husband and my son couldn’t stay. I took my nine--month-old and took off for home．
The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged — okay, ordered — them to wait it out at the airport, to “earn” more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600．Not bad, huh?
Now some people may think I’m a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up．
I’ve made a living looking for the best deals and exposing（揭露）the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in．
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts．
14．Why did Delta give the author’s family credits?
A．They took a later flight．
B．They had early bookings．
C．Their flight had been delayed．
D．Their flight had been cancelled．
15．What can we learn about the author?
A．She rarely misses a good deal．
B．She seldom makes a compromise．
C．She is very strict with her children．
D．She is interested in cheap products．
16．What does the author do?
A．She’s a teacher．
B．She’s a housewife．
C．She’s a media person．
D．She’s a businesswoman．
17．What does the author want to tell us?
A．How to expose bad tricks．
B．How to reserve airline seats．
C．How to spend money wisely．
D．How to make a business deal．
Passage 5
（2021·上海闵行·一模）Sasha saves the day
Though I can’t recall who the gift was from, what I do remember about the gift is my initial reaction to it. When our toddler (学步的小孩) opened the box and pulled out the soft toy, my mind immediately went to the existing mountain of stuffed animals in our house. I knew that this orange knit cat, named Sasha, according to the box, was straight into that pile.
We had no idea what we were up against. When the gift box containing Sasha arrived two years into our time as parents, most surfaces in our house were covered in kid stuff. We had discovered that we could live with pretty much anything if it kept the peace and kept our kid safe.
As I expected, Sasha went into the mountain of stuffed animals. Less predictably, however, the knit cat didn’t stay in the pile. I’m not sure why. Sasha is sweet but looks unremarkable. Picture a medium-sized knit orange cat with an angled smile and a purple sweater.
No doubt part of Sasha’s appeal came from its involvement in mealtimes. We were desperate for distractions, particularly when our son was in the highchair. Without entertainment, our toddler would fight the injustice of being required to stay seated while eating. My husband started to use Sasha in the distraction games with success. We knew we were onto something when our son started asking to go into his highchair to play the “Sasha game”.
In time, Sasha’s powers grew beyond distraction. If we were having a hard time talking our son into doing something, sometimes the knit cat could bring him around.
This comfort was particularly critical when it was bedtime. Sleep was challenging for our son for a long time and, as a result, for us. We discovered that our child liked to cuddle (依偎) the knit cat at night and was able to settle down more easily if Sasha was there. This made the knit cat priceless in our household.
Remarkably, our son is now a teenager and, if all goes as planned, he will leave home to attend university later this year. Sasha no longer has a prominent role in our day-to-day lives, but I know that I will never throw Sasha out. We all love that knit cat.
Come fall, when I am an empty nester, I might just pull Sasha out again to provide comfort to me.
18．When the author first saw the gift, she thought that ______.
A．it would add happy hours to the familyB．it would not be appreciated
C．it was unique among other toysD．her kid would find it fascinating
19．What do we know about the author’s kid?
A．He was restless when eating.B．He preferred to be left alone.
C．He liked to collect knit toys.D．He talked a lot with the toy.
20．The sentence “the knit cat could bring him around” probably means that ______.
A．the knit cat sometimes drove away the kid’s attention
B．the knit cat was always playing around the boy
C．the knit cat could persuade the boy to do something
D．the knit cat had hard time talking with the kid
21．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A．At first sight, the knit cat was appealing to the family.
B．The knit cat helped the kid to behave better when eating.
C．The boy was able to sleep well with the knit cat around him.
D．The author also enjoys the company of the knit cate.
Passage 6
（2021·全国·模拟预测） There is a widespread belief among sleep researchers that many people, especially young adults, regularly obtain skimpysleep due to work, school, and social activities. The move toward remote work and school has provided a novel opportunity to test this belief.
A new research compared self-reported data on sleep habits from 80 students enrolled in a 2020 summer session course with data collected from 450 students enrolled in the same course during previous summer semesters and suggests that students learning remotely went to bed an average of 30 minutes later than pre-pandemic (疫情前) students. They slept less efficiently, less at night and more during the day, but did not sleep more overall despite the time saved commuting(通勤), working or attending social events. Actually, they have no early classes and 44 percent fewer work days compared to students in previous semesters.
One very consistent finding is a collective delay of sleep timing-people go to bed and wake up later. Not surprisingly, there is also a marked reduction in natural light exposure, especially early in the day. The lack of change in sleep time was a bit of a surprise, as it goes against the assumption that young adults would sleep more if they had the time.
Self-described night owls (夜猫子) were more likely to report a greater positive effect on their sleep, getting to sleep in, instead of waking up early for that morning class, while morning types were more likely to report a negative response to sleeping later than usual.
Sleep plays an important role in immune (免疫的) functioning and mental health, which is why good sleep habits are important. Students and anybody working from home should try to get outside and be active early in the day because the morning light helps strengthen their regular sleep-wake cycle — this should improve their sleep, and allow them to feel more rested and energized during the day.
22．What does the underlined word “skimpy” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．NeedfulB．Effective.C．Insufficient.D．Unnecessary.
23．How's the sleep of online-learning students compared with pre-pandemic students?
A．They sleep more overall.B．They sleep more at night.
C．they sleep less during the dayD．They sleep no more than others
24．Whose sleeping habits is more similar to online learners' life?
A．Busy beesB．Night owlsC．LazybonesD．Early birds.
25．What suggestions does the author give to people working from home?
A．Rising early to do morning exercises.B．Developing irregular sleep wake cycle,
C．Learning more about immune functions.D．Getting rested and energized during the day.
Passage 7
（2021·湖南·沅江市第一中学模拟预测） I spent my childhood collecting and pressing four-leaf clovers（三叶草）into books at my mother's house. I started with big cloth-and-leather-bound books. When I ran out of bound volumes，I began to slip my treasures into anything I could find，such as old fiction paperbacks and cookbooks. The same is true in my house today. Shake a book，and a treasure just might fall into your hand.
A few years ago，in Nova Scotia，my husband and I pulled off the road for a picnic. The ground was thick with clovers. Some shoots had four，five，or even six leaves. I lined them up on the picnic table to admire. To me，it was simple. The differences in their shapes made them stand out，breaking the pretty pattern of the common clovers with three perfect leaves.
Two summers back，while waiting for an airport shuttle in Munich，I found a tiny four-leaf clover in a traffic circle and put it in my passport. On the way home，my husband and I were upgraded to business class. All of my friends owed it to the clover. I think it's some likely that we were upgraded because a flight was postponed，which left us trapped in two cities for several hours.
People disagree about whether the luck comes for finding or possessing a clover. Some believe that the luck is lost if the four-leaf clover is shown to somebody else，while others think that the luck doubles if it is given away. I believe that positivity is compounded by sharing. I feel lucky to find the clovers so often，but I don't think they influence my life anymore than it does to share any thing a little special with a friend or a stranger.
26．What was the author's hobby as a child？
A．Keeping four-leaf clovers.
B．Collecting different kinds of books.
C．Reading a lot of leather-bound books.
D．Decorating her mother's house with various treasures.
27．What did the author do when she had a picnic？
A．She picked some extraordinary clovers.
B．She cleared a road fully covered with clovers.
C．She decided to stay in Nova Scotia to enjoy clovers.
D．She damaged some pretty kinds of conventional clovers.
28．What resulted in the author's being upgraded to business class？
A．The friends' help.
B．The flight delay.
C．Her husband's company.
D．Her passport with the tiny four-leaf clover.
29．What is the author's purpose of writing the text？
A．To advise readers to look for clovers.
B．To encourage readers to share with others.
C．To show readers the influence of good luck.
D．To tell readers the ways of keeping clovers.
Passage 8
（2021·黑龙江·青冈县第一中学校一模） When a friend comes to you after a stressful day, how do you comfort him? Do you let him complain? Do you pour him a glass of coffee? Those could work. But a new study finds that a very effective technique is also simple and easy—hugging.
"Individuals who reported noticing the availability of a network of supportive individuals tend to show better adaptation when faced with stress. But just because you have a support network does not mean that you absolutely feel that support," said Michael Murphy, a psychology expert at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. He wanted to know if people who received hugs regularly could handle anxiety and stress better.
So Murphy and his team interviewed 404 men and women every evening for two weeks, During these interviews, the participants were asked a simple yes or no question -whether somebody had hugged them that day-and a simple yes or no question of whether they had experienced conflict with somebody that day. They also were asked to respond to questions about negative and positive mood states.
And the researchers found that people who experienced a conflict were not as negatively affected if they received a hug that day as participants who experienced conflict and didn't get a hug. And they were also found not to carry the negative effect to the next day, while those who did not receive one would. The findings are in the journal PLOS ONE.
Murphy does include this warning: "So our findings should not be taken as proof that people should just start hugging anyone and everyone who seems upset.A hug from one boss at work or a stranger on the street could be viewed as neither agreeable nor positive." The idea is to relieve stress.Not add to it.
30．What does paragraph 1 serve as?
A．A lead-in.B．A background.
C．An argument.D．A summary.
31．Why did the researchers interview those people?
A．To find out causes of their conflicts.
B．To test the influence of hugging.
C．To ask for advice on relieving stress.
D．To seek ways to comfort troubled people.
32．What does the underlined word " they" in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．404 interviewees.B．Murphy and his team.
C．Participants getting a hug.D．People receiving no hugs.
33．What do Murphy's words warn in the end?
A．The interview results prove their findings.
B．A boss should comfort workers by hugging.
C．People should hug others regularly and actively.
D．There are some limitations of their findings.
参考答案
1．A
2．C
3．A
4．C
【分析】
这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者引导孩子主动捐献玩具，并从玩耍简单玩具中获得快乐的做法。
1．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句…I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less可以推断出，人们通常认为越多越好。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)可知，当我们承诺给她把卖玩具的钱放到她的教育基金里时，她同意卖玩具。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.表明，跟Shepherd玩球是为了测试自己的一种想法是否可行。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段可知，作者想要教会孩子how to live more with less，而二三段是作者的尝试，故C作标题适合。
【点睛】 高考中词义推断可以是一个单词的意义推断，也可以是一个短语或句子的意义推断，既可以是生词意义，也可以是熟词新意；还可以是对替代词所替代内容的判断。在阅读理解题中，所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上，要根据短文提供的语境，通过阅读上下文，根据已知的信息或常识来推测尚不熟悉的词或词组的含义。词义猜测主要的解题策略有：语境猜词、语法猜词和常识猜词。
语境既上下文。由于上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。此题中第一题为词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第三句the good news is that I can …可以推断出，前后语义相反，后句中是live more with less，所以前句应该是“越多越好”的意思。
5．B
6．C
7．D
8．B
【分析】
本文是说明文。是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。
5．
细节理解题。根据第二段中…found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 develop better spatial skill(在2岁到4岁之间玩智力游戏的儿童在空间能力方面更好)可知，孩子们可以从智力游戏中发展更好的空间技能。B. Developing spatial skills(发展空间能力)符合以上说法，故选B项。
6．
细节理解题。根据第二段中Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition after controlling for difference in parents' income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said.( Levine说，在父母的收入、教育和父母谈话次数方面控制差异性之后，拼图游戏被发现是一个重要的认知预测)可知Levine在设计这个试验时考虑了父母的收入、教育程度和父母谈话的次数。C. Parents' education.(父母的教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。
7．
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls,可知男孩比女孩更喜欢玩复杂的谜题，即他们可能会玩难度更大的谜题。D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.(他们有可能玩更复杂的谜题)符合以上说法，故选D项。
8．
主旨大意题。本文是关于孩子们玩智力游戏的研究，介绍了研究考虑的因素，研究过程和结果。所以是关于科学研究的。B. A scientific study(一项科学研究)符合以上说法，故选B项。
9．C
10．B
11．C
12．A
13．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从火警、消防训练、灭火器和烟雾探测器的使用等方面介绍了一些防火信息。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第一段They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置）systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器).可知，专职消防人员主要职责是检查、测试和维护所有的校园建筑物防火装备。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据文章Fire Alarms中的句子Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.可知，火灾自动报警系统由热探测器、烟雾探测器和喷头组成。故选B。
11．细节理解题。根据文章Fire Drills中的句子Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room.和Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.可知，在消防演习中，学生锁好门并立即从最近的紧急出口离开。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据文章Fire Extinguishers中的句子Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知，误用灭火器会导致罚款。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据文章Smoke Detector中的句子If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking（闪动），contact residence hall staff immediately.可知，烟雾探测器是否安全运行，看红灯是否闪动。故选D。
点睛：文章内容较为简单，集中考查细节题，对此类题型，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别。如小题3中C选择项中leave at once与文中的Exit immediately表达的同一个意思；小题4中考生要理解文中fines（罚款）是A选择项中punishment（惩罚）的一种，这些都考生需要比较它们之间的细微区别。
14．A
15．A
16．C
17．C
【分析】
本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一家人乘飞机返家过程中由于机票超额预定，从而可以推迟回家而得到航空公司的赔偿一事，引出在日常生活中如何利用一些机会合理的花钱，体现了一个女人在持家方面的睿智。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Dalta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day.（达尔塔航空公司(Dalta)提供每人400美元的积分，让我们放弃座位并在第二天离开）”可知，他们是因为放弃了本航班的机票从而得到航空公司的赔偿，他们第二天离开，故选A项。
15．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.（作为一个淘便宜货的行家，我知道一美元的价值。如今，我们中很少有人能错过一笔好交易）”可知，出作者很少错过便宜货，故选A项。
16．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“I have been the consumer reporter of NBC’s today show for over a decade.（十多年来，我一直是NBC《今日秀》的消费者记者）”可知，作者是个媒体记者，故选C项。
17．推理判断题。纵观全文，尤其是第一段的“Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. （有些人为了省钱什么都愿意做。而我就是其中之一）”和最后一段“I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money’s worth. I’m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn’t hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it’s the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.（我之所以告诉你这些，是因为让你的钱花得值并不可耻。在孩子的鞋子、衣服和昂贵的餐厅上，我也很吝啬。但我会毫不犹豫地把钱花在理发上。它的形状保持得更长，这是人们首先注意到的。我还会买一件经典的家具。质量的持续）”可知第一段段首句给出作者是省钱一族。最后一段对不同的产品的不同决策，指出对于质量高的产品也会毫不犹豫买。由此推知，作者想告诉我们如何明智地花钱，故选C项。
18．B
19．A
20．C
21．A
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只名叫Sasha的针织猫在作者育儿的过程中起了重要作用。
18．
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When our toddler opened the box and pulled out the soft toy, my mind immediately went to the existing mountain of stuffed animals in our house. I knew that this orange knit cat, named Sasha, according to the box, was straight into that pile.（当我们蹒跚学步的孩子打开盒子，拿出毛绒玩具时，我的脑海里立刻浮现出我们家里堆积如山的毛绒玩具。我知道这只橙色的针织猫，根据盒子上的文字，叫萨沙，是直接扔进那堆的。）”可推知，当作者第一次看到这个礼物时，她认为它不会被欣赏。故选B。
19．
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Without entertainment, our toddler would fight the injustice of being required to stay seated while eating. My husband started to use Sasha in the distraction games with success.（如果没有娱乐，我们的孩子就会与被要求在吃饭时坐着不动的不公平抗争。我丈夫开始成功地让萨沙参加分散注意力的游戏。）”可知，他吃饭时总是焦躁不安。故选A。
20．
词句猜测题。根据上文“In time, Sasha’s powers grew beyond distraction.（随着时间的推移，萨沙的能力越来越强大，不仅仅能让人分心。）”可知，划线词所在句子意为“如果我们很难说服儿子做某事，有时编织猫可以让他改变主意。” 。由此可知，the knit cat could bring him around意为“这只针织猫可以说服男孩做点什么”。故选C。
21．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I knew that this orange knit cat, named Sasha, according to the box, was straight into that pile.（我知道这只橙色的针织猫，根据盒子上的文字，叫萨沙，是直接扔进那堆的。）”可知，当作者第一次看到这个礼物时，她认为它不会被欣赏。A项：At first sight, the knit cat was appealing to the family.（乍一看，这只针织猫很吸引这家人。）这个表述是错误的。故选A。
22．C
23．D
24．B
25．A
【分析】
这是一篇说明文。一项关于睡眠的研究表明，远程办公或学习虽然节省出了更多的时间，但睡眠时间并没有比以前多。
22．
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子中的“due to work, school, and social activities(由于工作、学习和社交)”可推测出，工作、学习和社交会影响到睡眠时间，使睡眠减少。因而可知“skimpy”的意思为“不足的”，与“insufficient”意思相近。故选C。
23．
细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“They slept less efficiently, less at night and more during the day, but did not sleep more overall despite the time saved commuting(通勤), working or attending social events.(他们的睡眠效率较低，晚上睡得少，白天睡得多，但总的来说，尽管通勤、工作或参加社交活动节省了时间，但他们睡得并不多) ”可知，与疫情前相比，学生们在线学习后并没有比以前的睡眠时间多。故选D。
24．
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They slept less efficiently, less at night and more during the day(他们的睡眠效率较低，晚上睡得少，白天睡得多)”可知，线上学习者的睡眠习惯是晚睡晚起，与第四段“Self-described night owls (夜猫子) were more likely to report a greater positive effect on their sleep, getting to sleep in, instead of waking up early for that morning class(自称为夜猫子的人们更有可能觉得睡懒觉而不用早早起来去上课对他们的睡眠有积极的作用)”中的“night owls(夜猫子)”习惯相似。故选B。
25．
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Students and anybody working from home should try to get outside and be active early in the day(学生和任何在家工作的人都应该尽量走出家门，在一天的早些时候活动起来)”可知，作者建议早起做运动。故选A。
26．A
27．A
28．B
29．B
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了寻找四叶的三叶草给作者带来的启示。
26．
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I spent my childhood collecting and pressing four-leaf clovers（三叶草）into books at my mother's house”（我的童年是在母亲家收集四叶的三叶草并把它们压在书里度过的）可知，作者小时候的爱好是保存四叶的三叶草。故选A项。
27．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The ground was thick with clovers. Some shoots had four，five，or even six leaves. I lined them up on the picnic table to admire. （地面长满了三叶草，一些嫩枝上有四瓣、五瓣甚至六瓣三叶草，我把三叶草铺在桌子上以供欣赏）可知，作者野餐时摘了一些特别的三叶草。故选A项。
28．
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“On the way home，my husband and I were upgraded to business class. All of my friends owed it to the clover. I think it's some likely that we were upgraded because a flight was postponed”（在回家的路上，我和丈夫被提升到商务舱。我所有的朋友都把它归功于三叶草。我想我们可能是因为航班延误而升级到商务舱）可知，作者升到商务舱并不是因为三叶草，而是因为航班被延误了。故选B项。
29．
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段 “I believe that positivity is compounded by sharing. I feel lucky to find the clovers so often，but I don't think they influence my life any more than it does to share anything a little special with a friend or a stranger. ”（我认为分享的话，积极会增多。我感觉很幸运能经常发现四叶三叶草，但是，我觉得它们不会影响我的生活，就像是当我和朋友或陌生人进行一次特别的分享时一样，）可知，作者写短文的目的是鼓励读者与他人分享。故选B项。
30．A
31．B
32．C
33．D
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了新的研究发现，安慰别人的一个非常有效也是简单易行的方法---拥抱。
30．
推理判断题。第一段指出“Those could work. But a new study finds that a very effective technique is also simple and easy—hugging”（那些可以起作用。但一项新的研究发现，一个非常有效的技巧也是简单易行的拥抱），接下来文章讲述了对这一发现进行的研究调查，由此可知，第一段用来导入主题。故选A。
31．
推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“But just because you have a support network does not mean that you absolutely feel that support," said Michael Murphy, a psychology expert at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. He wanted to know if people who received hugs regularly could handle anxiety and stress better”（但是，仅仅因为你有一个支持网络，并不意味着你绝对能感受到这种支持，”匹兹堡卡内基梅隆大学的心理学专家迈克尔·墨菲说。他想知道经常接受拥抱的人是否能更好地应对焦虑和压力）可知研究人员要采访这些人，是为了测试拥抱的影响。故选B。
32．
词句猜测题。根据第四段的“were also found not to carry the negative effect to the next day, while those who did not receive one would”（也被发现不会把负面影响带到第二天，而那些没有得到拥抱的人会）可知，划线词they指代的是“得到拥抱的参与者”，故选C。
33．
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“So our findings should not be taken as proof that people should just start hugging anyone and everyone who seems upset.A hug from one boss at work or a stranger on the street could be viewed as neither agreeable nor positive”（因此，我们的研究结果不应被视为人们应该开始拥抱任何看起来沮丧的人的证据。工作时的老板或街上的陌生人的拥抱可能被认为既不友好也不积极）可知墨菲的话警告了他们的发现有一些局限性。故选D。
