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#山东济南#中考#中考英语#完形填空#做题技巧
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中考英语完形填空解题六种方法七个技巧
完形填空是中考英语常见的题型之一，即选择最恰当的单词或词组完成文章，完形填空题的两空之间一般相隔7-10个词，短文第一个句子一般不设填空题。在此整理了中考英语必备完形填空六种方法七个技巧，以供学习参考。
六种方法：
一、主谓一致判断法
在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，启动此必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。我们在做完形填空题时，会经常遇到要靠主谓一致判断法来确定选项的情况。寻找其规律，大致可分为三个原则：即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近原则。例：
...A short time ago , a test _____ given in the United States. ...The results showed that if a person _____ a right breakfast, he or she will work better than he or she who has no breakfast ...
1.A.isB.areC.wasD.were
2.A.eatB.eatsC.eatingD.ate
二、固定句式判断法
固定句式，就是英语中一些常见的固定句型，像：there be举行;not...until句型;It takes/took sb. +金钱/时间+to do sth.句型;It’s +形容词+(for sb.)to do sth,句型;too...to句型等。记住并灵活运用这些固定句式，在做完型填空时是很有用的，可以轻松快速帮助我们排除一些干扰因素，更快、更准的选择答案。
Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel closer to someone. _____ is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh and do things with...
1.A.ItB.HeC.ThereD.Someone
三、上下文暗示法
上下文暗示法分为上文语境暗示法和下文语境暗示两种。在做完型填空是，我们会经常遇到此类题目，若无上下文的提示，我们根本无法做出正确的选择;但是我们可以根据上下文的一些提示性的引导词判断上下文和空格部分的关系，从而做出正确的选择。
Mark Twain, a famous American writer, was onec traveling in France. He went by train to Dijon. He was very tired and wanted to _____. He asked the conductor to wake him up when the train got to Dijon. But first he said he was a heavy sleeper...
1.A.readB.writeC.drinkD.sleep
四、逻辑推理法
逻辑推理法也叫语境推测法，是我们在做完形填空题时使用的十分重要的方法之一。完型填空是一篇有完整内容的文章，各行各段之间有着逻辑上的必然联系。在所提供的选项中，有的从语法角度是正确的，从语义上考虑就会自相矛盾，出现不合逻辑的现象。这时应从文章和句子入手，对语法无误的几个选项通过分析对比，选出最符合上下文内在联系的答案。
When you wave a friend you are using sign(手势)languages. When you smile at someone, you mean to be _____. When you put one finger in front of your _____, you mean “Be quiet.”
Yet, people in different countries may use different sign languages. Once an English-man was Italy. He could speak a little Italian. One day while he was walking in the street, he felt _____ and went into a restaurant...
1.A.wellB.friendlyC.fineD.careful
2.A.eyesB.legsC.mouthD.head
3.A.hungryB.tiredC.coldD.ill
五、词义辨析法
词义辨析法考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难点;在完型填空中出现这一类题目，如果要求做到准确选择，必须在一定的语境或句子中理解，这种考查方式和辨析也是目前完形填空题在中考中考查的一个重点和趋势，所以这一方法是我们必须要掌握的。词义辨析法包括各种词性的考查，如名词、介词、代词、动词、形容词等。
In England, people don’t like _____ very much. You can go on a bus,_____ on a train, and people just sit looking _____ the windows. Often they read. They read books and newspapers. But they don’t talk...
1.A.laughingB.going outC.talkingD.playing
2.A.orB.andC.eitherD.but
3.A.fromB.throughC.atD.out of
六、固定搭配法
固定句型和短语搭配不仅是学习的难点，也是完型填空测试的重点。固定搭配形式较多，有名词短语搭配、动词短语搭配、介词短语搭配等，这些固定搭配都是语言在长期的发展和演变过程中形成的，是语言的精华，我们只有在平时学习中认真积累，做题时才能得心应手。做这类题时，不需要特别的分析，就能锁定正确的答案。
From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evening and weekends they are free and _____ themselves. Some watch TV or go to the movies; others take part _____ sports. This is decided by their own interests ...
1.A.loveB.workC.enjoyD.play
2.A.atB.withC.onD.in
七个技巧
一、前后照应
利用上下文信息，选择或填写正确的词是完型填空解题时最常用的方法之一。在做四选一的完型填空时，我们有时会发现每一个选项从语法角度来讲都可以说得通，遇到这种情况，我们应细读上下文，正确答案会在上下文中得到提示。试看以下例题：
[例1] What do I remember about my childhood? There were good things and bad things. We used to live______ , and my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.
A. in a town B. on a farm C. on a busy street D. in a city
【解析】B 本段主要讲作者回忆儿童时代所居住的地点。从四个选项来看都是可能的，语法上都说得通。但通过下文my parents always got up early in the morning to feed the cows and sheep.提示我们可以知道作者生活在农村，正确答案选B。
[例2]I was making a trip from Paris to London. At a small town near London, I stopped to do some s______ .As l was going into a very crowded shop. I saw a few young people talk in about something they had just b_____
【解析】本段主要讲作者在伦敦的一个小镇的经历。在第一空格上，由下文a very crowded shop这个词组可以推断应填shopping，这样就很容易判断第二空格内应填bought了。
[例3]I always remember waking up to the smell of the breakfast my mother was cooking. What a wonderful smell! I used to _______ ,wash quickly and run downstairs. My breakfast would be waiting for me on the table.
A. leave the bed B.lie in bed C. jump out of bed D. get up
【解析】C 本段讲每天早上妈妈煮的早餐发出诱人的香味，使得躺在床上的我立即起床。根据题干，A、C、D均和床有关联，但是按上下文情景的提示，此处还要表达作者的一种迫不及待的心情。因此只能选C。
二、情感态度
较难题，其中形容词，副词中分为三种情感：
(1) 正情感：happy amazing等
(2) 零情感：fast slow surprising等
(3) 负情感：sad failure等
[例1] Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room . I offered him a “congratulations”and walked to my usual table . To my surprise, Jeff put his plate beside mine.
A. politeB. loudC. warmD. cheerful
【解析】A 形容词感情色彩+联系上下文。由本段出现的第一个形容词usual 来判断作者的感情色彩是平淡的，故排除B. loud和D. cheerful选项，由 第二个形容词surprise 来判断，作者与Jeff的关系不是非常亲密，所以排除C warm选项。
[例2] Among them, a weak boy with ugly teeth and thick glasses kept shaking. I had seen him around, and I knew he was always laughed at. He seemed __37_unsure_ of himself, and was so pale that it __38__ us to look at him.
37. A. unafraid B. unsure C. proud D. tired
38. A. worried B. surprised C. taught D. hurt
【解析】D 由上文的描述可知，他的脸色是如此苍白，以至于看着他会让人难受。故选择形容词hurt。
三、牢记短语
[例1]On the train, Tom was looking __l for his ticket because the conductor was coming __2 to his ticket.
1. A. out B. forward C. anywhere D. everywhere
2.A. down B. up C. in D. on
【解析】第一空格指Tom在火车上到处找车票，因此选D。everywhere为最佳答案，anywhere常用于否定句和疑问句中。第二空格意为列车员上前查票，走到某人面前come up to sb.为固定词组搭配，因此选B。
[例2 ] Whenever I’m __ __, I still look back at that yearbook.
47. A. away B. out C. behind D. down
【解析】本文讲述了一位叫Ricky的学生的前后变化：从经常被大家嘲笑，没有自信到充满自信并被大家喜欢。此题为本文最后一题，想表明每当我遇到挫折时，总会想起那天的事情。be down，固定搭配，表示情绪低落的。
[例3] My next step was to which new activities students would like to have at our school. Many of them wanted a chess club and a volleyball team.
43.A. carry outB. try outC. work outD. find out
【解析】固定搭配和动词短语辨析： carry out 实施， try out 尝试， work out 解决 ，find out 找出+事实，真相 ，结合上下文，wanted a chess club and a volleyball team，下文的 collect information 得出答案为 D。
四、斟酌词义
在选项中设置四个词性一致、意义相近的词是完型填空命题时常用的手段之一。在做此类题目时，必须要在特定的语境中选择最佳，或者也可以推敲一些固定的词组搭配来进行选项。在做首字母完型填空时，尤其应注意空格所缺单词的词性及词组搭配。
[例1]After going a diet, a woman f l really good about herself-especially she was a 2 to fit into a pair of jeans.“Look, Look!" She shouted while running downstairs to show her husband.
【解析】本段落主要讲一位女士经过减肥后可以穿得上一条牛仔裤，并要演示给她丈夫看的情景。第一格表达主人公的感觉很好，因此填felt;第二格表达她能够穿上牛仔裤了，be able to为固定搭配。
[例2]A Japanese manager once said he himself and his workers would all stand while they were having meetings. Do you _________what he means?
A.think B. guess C. know D. understand
【解析】C 本段讲述了一个日本经理和他的员工在开会时将都站着。本题问的是你知道他说话的含义吗。从四个选项看，A和B放人句中意思不通，而C和D两个答案很接近。 D选项强调理解他的意思，从上文句子看当然很好理解这句话讲述了什么事。但是其中的含义就不知道了。因此选项C才是最合适的。
[例3] “Well, if you change your mind, we are meeting tomorrow ,”he said before moving to another table.
All that right, I thought about the 39 from Jeff.
A. advice B. chanceC. messageD. offer
【解析】D 考点为名词辨析+联系上下文： A. advice指的是忠告，多指医生对病人，长辈对晚辈; C message 多指口信，转述客观事实不带有主观色彩;B chance 最大的干扰选项 因为下文出现个chance ，但是chance表示的一种可能性，抽象名词 D offer 作为名词表示提议，联系上文D为最佳答案。
5 、中心主旨：
文章中最后一句通常为积极的态度或观点。
[例1]I had wanted to become president of Student Council to make a difference. I achieved that and more by working as a member of Jeff’s team. He became the most popular candidate and I was a large part of his . The fact that it has made a difference in other people’s lives is the real prize. What a great feeling!
A. luckB. spiritC. lifeD. success
【解析】 D 本文讲到在参加学生会主席竞选初选落选后，“我”受邀参加了曾经是对手的Jeff的竞选团队，并在其中发挥了很大的作用，帮助Jeff竞选成功，也得到了启发：不管是在什么位置上，只要自己发挥了作用，这就是真正的奖励，并会给自己带来美好的感受。本题说我也是他成功中的一部分，所以选择success。
[例2] I honor my aunt, who taught me the things my ____ couldn’t. so every June for the past 40 years, in growing thankfulness to my Aunt Marion, I’ve sent her a Father’s Day card.
A. Teachers B. mother C. father D. friends
【解析】本文讲述，“我”出生没多久父亲就去世了，是姨妈Mrion一直充当着父亲的角色，带“我”成长，所以在过去的40年里，“我”每天都要送父亲节贺卡给她，以表达“我”不断加深的感激之情。故本题选C。
六、简单逻辑
分为因果，并列，转折，否定。
[例1] For more than sixty years, Aunt Marion didn’t and still don’t think of herself. ___ she is forced to come up to the front, my aunt will stand in the back in family photos, and she doesn’t think that her efforts have made much…
A. Unless B. Although C. Since D. Before
【解析】A 句意：如果不强迫她来到前面，在找全家福时她会站在后面。unless除非，如果不。although虽然，尽管。since自从，既然;berore 在…之前。
[例2] No one could walk through any hallway 42 passing Jeff’s smiling face.
A. forB. fromC. withD. without
【解析】D 最能凸显出 poster 效果的介词是without 否定介词与前面的no 相呼应，双重否定表肯定。
七、情景还原
[例1]The most amazing thing was that she taught me to read my . I remember that I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every' word that I said.
A. eye B. face C. heart D. mouth
【解析】 D 情景还原 由后文的I spent hours in front of the mirror and tried to repeat every' word that I said.可知，一定是用嘴 mouth 去said。故选择mouth.
[例2]And then I saw what seemed to be the prodigy (奇才) side of me - because I have never seen that face before. I looked at myself in the mirror, blinking (眨眼) so I could see more .
A. easily B. quickly C. clearly D. differently
【解析】C 情景还原 前文提到I looked at myself in the mirror, blinking (眨眼) so I could see more…做的这一系列的动作是想看清自己，选择clearly,清晰地。