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#高一高二高三单元月考期中期末试卷汇总

惠州市2023届高三第一次调研考试试题英语

试卷共8页，卷面满分120分。考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用签字笔直接将答案写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Stuck at home with nothing to watch? Curious about China, but don’t know where to begin? Well, we’ve got you covered with this brand-new video series exploring Chinese culture. All you have to do is press play.

● Dazu Rock Carvings

One of China’s UNESCO World Heritage sites is hidden among the mountains on the outskirts of the southwestern city of Chongqing. Here, tens of thousands of sculptures collectively make up the Dazu Rock Carvings — considered one of the finest examples of China’s cave art, exhibiting the most sophisticated craftsmanship of Dazu Rock Carvings. The delicate Dazu Rock Carvings tell ancient, mystical stories.

●BambooCarving

The art of bamboo carving originated at the Qing imperial court. Today, the art lives on, appreciated for its historical value and elegance.

Just 100 kilometers southwest of Beijing, in the Xiong’an New Area, a group of skilled artists are keeping this art alive. Carving bamboo requires focus, precision and elbow grease (重活). Watch the video and feast your eyes on the bamboo masterpieces.

●Peach-stone Carving

In the small town of Siyang in Jiangsu Province in eastern China, craftsmen create art onthetinycores of the peaches.

While most people think nothing of peach stones and just throw them away, they are a source of inspiration for these artists. The artist goes to great length to find the perfectcoreto fit his concept. Using tiny tools, they chip away at thecoresto create intricate designs，extremely detailed and delicate. These peach stone carvings are often worn as jewelry symbolizing fortune in China.

1. What do Dazu Rock Carvings feature?

A. Mysterious tales. B.Mountain shapes.

C. Design inspirations. D.Painting exhibitions.

2. What do the three types of art have in common?

A. Materials. B. Origin. C.Craftsmanship. D. Symbols.

3Why do people wear peach-stone carving?

A. To show wealth. B.To bring good luck.

C. To symbolize status. D.To appreciate design.

B

When the phone finally stopped ringing and the house lay still with grief, I filled my home with the sweet smell of peach pie to mask the scent of worry that still lingered.

The weekend after Dad’s diagnosis (诊断), Mom had sent the same text to each concerned relative and friend: Jay was diagnosed with Pick’s disease. We are going back to the doctor for more information. Then Mom put down the phone, rubbed her forehead, and suggested that we go for a drive. On the interstate, we passed a board with clear red letters: “Fredericksburg peaches, the best fruit you can find in Central Texas.” Mom went to negotiate with the stand owner.

Now in our kitchen, the sweet smell of peach juice drifted into the living room and pulled Dad away from the football game on TV.

“Oh! You got peaches?” He eyed the fruit with childish glee (欢快).

“Here,” I handed him a knife. “We’re making peach pie.”

I showed him how to peel the skin off. As I made pie dough, he asked questions: How long does it take to bake? Are you adding sugar? How many peaches? What should I do with the seeds? Showing him how to slice and measure and mix in a calm, firm voice, I suddenly felt grown up.

The summer had reversed our roles; now, I was the adult. I stayed home all summer and cooked his dinner, washed his T-shirts and helped him make phone calls. I stayed up late thinking about him and monitored him like an anxious caretaker.

The same day, before the afternoon drive and peach pie, I had held my tears as I read the diagnosis for Pick’s disease: four to ten years, depending on how fast the damaged proteins overpower Dad’s brain. I decided then that I would be grateful for just four more years with Dad, enough for him to see me become an adult for real.

4. Why did Mom propose a ride?

A. To purchase fruits. B. To enjoy a trip.

C. To release sorrow. D. To consult the doctor.

5. What can we learn about the family from the passage?

A. It takes years for Dad to recover.

B. The author enjoys the time with Dad.

C. Dad shows little interest in football games.

D. The author gets annoyed by Dad’s questions.

6Which of the following best describes this summer for the author?

A. Tough and confusing. B. Boring but rewarding.

C. Annoying and struggling. D. Painstaking but meaningful.

7. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage?

A. Peach Pie B. Diagnosis for Dad

C. Father And Daughter D. A Plain Summer Day

C

We’ve all had a guilty pleasure or two. Maybe it was an awkward TV show that we enjoyed a little bit too much, maybe a song we listened to ironically until it became a bit too unironic. Perhaps a snack so disgusting it wound up coming back around to be delicious, or a movie soegregious that it ended up being a fantastic watch. Though we often wonder why we enjoy these things, we should really be asking ourselves why we feel guilty for enjoying them.

With the obvious exception of things that are harmful to people, our harsh judgment toward ourselves and others over what we enjoy does nothing but harm our individual expression and enjoyment.

It’s natural to want to appear “cool” to other people — whatever that may mean to you. With the cultural tendency and the means to share literally anything and everything you enjoy via social media, we perfectly curate (管理) the media we consume to match some sort of imagined ideal aesthetic (美学) — a trap that’s much too easy to fall into. Don’t fall into the trap!

My point is, the things that hold us back from openly enjoying our “guilty pleasures” often come from completely unfounded places. This is especially true that a teenage girl would rather be misunderstood than admit she likes pink. Frankly, what’s the point? Who are you proving yourself to, and why do you feel the need to? If you’re not harming anyone, and you are getting happiness from something, then why bother holding yourself back from it just to preserve some kind of curated image of who you’re supposed to be?

Life is hard enough as it is. If you’ve found something that eases the stress of life even just a little bit, hold onto it for dear life. Marathon the Twilight movies. Read a super tacky (俗气的) romance novel. Throw that guilt right out of the window with absolutely no regrets, and do whatever it is that makes you happy.

8. What does the underlined word “egregious” mean in the first paragraph?

A. Moving. B. Unpopular. C. Thrilling. D. Unbearable.

9. What can we learn from paragraph 3?

A. Most people want to gain recognition from others.

B. Social media has a bad impact on self-recognition.

C. Culture tendency sets a standard for ideal aesthetic.

D. People enjoy curating the media that they consume.

10. What would hold us back from enjoying “guilty pleasure”?

A. The desire to lead a simple life. B. The intention to show off ourselves.

C. The need to admit that we like pink. D. The purpose to guard our ideal image.

11. Which of the following may the author agree with?

A. Find ways to overcome hard life.

B. Set ourselves free from fixed opinions.

C. Have an in-depth self-talk to find our souls.

D. Talk with people and make our own decisions.

D

Earthquakes cannot be forecast, but engineers can prepare for them. Seismic-isolation (地震隔离) systems built into the bases of certain buildings in high-risk areas, use complex structures of concrete, rubber and metal to reduce quake damage by absorbing the ground’s horizontal shaking.

But such adaptations are expensive. Engineer Jian Zhang of the University of California, says building seismic isolation-system can increase construction costs by up to 20 percent. Although these systems might save more than they cost over time, builders in some regions may not have the budget for them at present.

A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a lower-cost alternative with readily available materials: recycled tennis balls. “Everyone plays tennis, and they don’t know what to do with the tennis balls after each game,” says ETH Zürich seismic engineer Michalis Vassiliou.

Vassiliou’s team based its method on an early form of seismic-isolation that rolls a shaking building to a stop the way a skater in a half-pipe eventually comes to rest. By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体), rolling isolation changes unstable horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion. This method was used in 5,000-year-old Peruvian pyramids, but today builders favor expensive, standardized isolation systems.

For their modern take on rolling seismic-isolation, the researchers injected concrete-like mixes into hundreds of balls that had lost their bounce. They built an inexpensive model consisting of four filled tennis balls sandwiched between two concrete slabs (厚板), and they found that it withstood earthquake shaking while supporting eight kilo newtons of force per ball — about twice what isolation systems might experience under one-story houses.

Zhang says that the work is worthwhile and that such technology might serve an unmet need. But she notes that the results are primary. Vassiliou agrees; next steps will mean creating and testing a larger model with hundreds of tennis balls at a research center in earthquake-prone Cuba — an example of a place where such systems could make isolation practicable in ordinary construction.

12. Why do the engineers adopt recycled tennis balls?

A. To improve the performance of tennis balls.

B. To help deal with the tennis balls after matches.

C. To simplify the complex structures of buildings.

D. To cut the expense of seismic-isolation building.

13What effect could the new method achieve?

A. Recycling useless tennis balls. B. Transforming the shaking into a gentle one.

C. Withstanding earthquake shaking. D. Enabling a house to support much more force.

14. Which of the following best describes Zhang’s attitude towards the new technology?

A. Doubtful. B. Unclear. C. Objective. D. Approving.

15. What is the main idea of the text?

A. Researchers are creating and testing models in Cuba.

B. Engineers are exploring ways of earthquake forecasts.

C. A low-cost design helps shaking buildings roll to a stop.

D. Recycled tennis balls could protect buildings from disasters.

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

I’ve thought long and hard about individual books that have changed my life. ____16____. But considering books in the broader sensethat’s a different matter; books, by themselves, have most definitely changed my life.

I still have books from my childhood, treasured and kept safe in a wooden box. I suppose you could say I had favorite authors from a very young age: Richard Scarry was the first. I loved “The Supermarket Mystery” most, which gave me great pleasure. Even then I knew books mattered and as soon as I could write my name correctly, I would claim ownership (所有权) of books. ____17____.

The next milestone on my journey with books probably came when I discovered Enid Blyton.____18____. I read every single one of the ‘Famous Five’, ‘Secret Seven’ and ‘Adventurous Four’ books, but it was her boarding school books that thrilled me as a young girl and sparked a love of escapist fiction.

That love of escapist fiction has never left me. I never read non-fiction, and my pattern of finding an author I love and then reading every book he or she wrote continues, through Agatha Christie in my teens, to Lee Child as an adult. ____19____. When real life gets too much, what better place to seek shelter than the pages of a detective book that takes you away to another place?

____20____. I studied for a degree in English Literature, and three years spent analyzing texts which I would otherwise not have chosen to read, greatly took the shine off reading. It took me a long time to find my way back to books. J.K.Rowling, I have to say, was a godsend in that respect.

A. That’s why I love the books

B. My spelling has improved since then

C. Her books turned me into a devoted reader

D. My favorite type is definitely detective fiction

E. The honest answer is that there really aren’t any

F. My passion for reading has benefited me a lot in a long run

G. But my relationship with books hasn’t always been an easy one

第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

One summer day, Bella, our pet dog was in the bushes in our backyard making all sorts of noises. Our 11-year-old daughter, Kaitlin, discovered her sniffing and pawing at a ____21____, where several caterpillars (毛毛虫) chewed away.

My husband and I quite worried that our backyard — ____22____ hangout of birds, squirrels, and neighborhood cats — wasn’t the safest environment for ____23____caterpillars. So we got a butterfly house where the caterpillars could ____24____transform.

Each day, when we took the butterfly house to the backyard, Bella ____25____ with it. Each night, when we brought it back inside, Bella ____26____, and then slept under the table on which it rested. We don’t know why Bella was so ____27____, but she was there for every step of the budding butterflies’ ____28____.

Finally, the caterpillars turned into beautiful queen butterflies. ____29____, Bella didn’t seem worried when Kaitlin _____30_____ them. In fact, Bella seemed to understand that this was part of the _____31_____. It wasn’t until one last butterfly wouldn’t fly away that Bella expressed _____32_____. She gently rested her head near the _____33_____ flier, which crawled onto her nose. Bella lifted her head, pointed her nose, and let out one of those breathy dog of _____34_____. Away the queen butterfly flew, moving its wings lightly up and down, seemingly needing a little _____35_____from a friend to begin her migration.

21. A. cave B. branch C. bone D. dustbin

22. A. messy B. rare C. frequent D. noisy

23. A. delicate B. tiny C. gentle D. delicious

24. A. gradually B. comfortably C. safely D. easily

25. A. fought B. dealt C. agreed D. moved

26. A. followed B. left C. hesitated D. ignored

27. A. curious B. annoyed C. scared D. attached

28. A. journey B. transformation C. tragedy D. flight

29. A. Fortunately B. Delightfully C. Surprisingly D. Thankfully

30. A. released B. cupped C. hurt D. approached

31 A. experiment B. adventure C. cycle D. rescue

32. A. love B. concern C. doubt D. gratitude

33. A. stubborn B. abnormal C. brave D. unwilling

34. A. sighs B. cries C. cheers D. regrets

35. A. benefit B. hug C. understanding D. push

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Sometimes when we eat, what we’re hungry for isn’t food — it’s the taste of memory. Studies show that foods we think of ____36____ comfort foods don’t contain any magical properties. What might be comforting ____37____ (be) the feeling of closeness to other people they can bring.

Thoughts about comfort foods ____38____ (link) to calories, warmth or a sense of well-being. But what we don’t think about is that comfort foods also provide something social to us, according to Shira Gabriel, ____39____ associate professor of psychology at the State University of New York, Buffalo. Gabriel’s study found that people ____40____ have strong bonds to others are more likely to use comfort foods after an argument or other emotionally ____41____(stress) occasion.

Comfort foods are often thought to be rich in calories or full of sugar. Nevertheless, other studies have also ____42____ (evident) shown that the line between comfort and food isn’t as clear as “junk food = happiness”. ____43____(eat) so-called “junk foods” does activate the ____44____ (brain) reward system, but that high is short-lived because it’s not the deep reward of real comfort.

But there is something in the ability of comfort foods ____45____ (arouse) belonging and memory. Taste and smell stay fresh a long time.

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(满分15分)

46. 假定你是李华。在英语课上，老师要求各小组合作创作一首英文五行诗(Cinquain)，并对其进行阐释。以下是你们小组所写的诗歌，请你作为小组代表，上台做一分钟发言。

内容包括：1. 诗的特征;2. 创作意图。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Good morning, everyone!

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

That’s all. Thank you for listening!

第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

The Toy Tree

It was a bare tree with thin branches which looked like they might snap (折断) at any moment, but it was the only tree in the estate gardens. In spring, the tree cheered up the grey concrete with its blossom. And, in summer, its shade comforted the restless heat.

Gabe loved the tree. He and his friends played by it all the time. The tree’s blessing for the community, but not for Mr. Snider, the caretaker, who hated the tree. When he had to mow (割) the grass around it or sweep its blossoms or fallen leaves from the path, he would grumble (咕哝), “It’s in my way.” or “Who has to clean up all this mess? Me, that’s who!”

Sometimes he threatened to cut it down. One morning before the coming New Year, Gabe spotted him walked towards the tree with a chainsaw (电锯). He shouted, “Mum! What’s Mr. Snider doing?” Mum put down her knitting needles — she was knitting everyone scarves and came over to the window. Gabe grabbed her hand and ran down two flights of stairs to the garden. Soon they were standing between Mr. Snider and the tree.

“Out of my way,” said the caretaker. “Time for this eyesore (眼中钉) to go.”

“This eyesore is of great public interest.” Mum tried to sound important.

“And we love this tree,” begged Gabe.

“Not a good enough reason.” Mr. Snider was getting his chainsaw ready.

Gabe desperately tried to think of more reasons to keep the tree, then he remembered the toy tree he’d seen in town. It had colourful gift tags (礼品签) on it and written on every tag was the name of a toy a child had wished for. Mum had explained to him that if someone took a tag and bought the gift on it, the charity would send it to a child who might not get New Year presents.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Gabe said, “It is going to be a toy tree.”

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

By the weekend, the charity tags had arrived.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

惠州市2023届高三第一次调研考试试题英语参考答案

【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个探索中国文化的全新视频系列。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据“Dazu Rock Carvings”中的“The delicate Dazu Rock Carvings tell ancient, mystical stories.(精美的大足石刻讲述着古老而神秘的故事。)”可知，大足石刻讲述了神秘的故事。故选A。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据“Dazu Rock Carvings”中的“Here, tens of thousands of sculptures collectively make up the Dazu Rock Carvings — considered one of the finest examples of China’s cave art, exhibiting the most sophisticated craftsmanship of Dazu Rock Carvings.(在这里，成千上万的雕塑共同组成了大足石刻——被认为是中国洞穴艺术的最好的例子之一，展示了大足石刻最复杂的工艺。)”、“BambooCarving”中的“Just 100 kilometers southwest of Beijing, in the Xiong’an New Area, a group of skilled artists are keeping this art alive. Carving bamboo requires focus, precision and elbow grease (重活).(在北京西南仅100公里的雄安新区，一群技艺精湛的艺术家正在让这门艺术保持活力。)”以及最后一段“Using tiny tools, they chip away at thecoresto create intricate designs，extremely detailed and delicate.(他们使用微小的工具，凿开岩芯，创造出复杂的设计，极其细致和精致。)”可推断，这三种艺术的共同之处在于它们都是技术活。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“These peach stone carvings are often worn as jewelry symbolizing fortune in China.(在中国，这些桃核雕刻经常被当作珠宝佩戴，象征着运气。)”可知，在中国人们佩戴这些桃核雕刻品是因为它象征着运气。故选B。

【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D7. A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的父亲被诊断出患有匹克氏病，家人都沉浸在悲伤之中时，作者用桃子馅饼的甜味填满了她的家，以掩盖仍然挥之不去的忧虑的味道。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二自然段“The weekend after Dad’s diagnosis (诊断), Mom had sent the same text to each concerned relative and friend: Jay was diagnosed with Pick’s disease. We are going back to the doctor for more information. Then Mom put down the phone, rubbed her forehead, and suggested that we go for a drive.(爸爸确诊后的那个周末，妈妈给每个关心的亲戚朋友发了同样的短信：周被诊断出患有匹克氏病。我们将回到医生那里了解更多信息。然后妈妈放下电话，揉了揉前额，建议我们开车去兜风)”可知，在得知作者的父亲被诊断出患病后，家人都很悲伤，妈妈提议开车是为了释放悲伤情绪。故选C。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段中“Showing him how to slice and measure and mix in a calm, firm voice, I suddenly felt grown up.(我向他展示了如何用平静、坚定的声音切分、测量和混合，我突然觉得自己长大了)”和最后一段中“I decided then that I would be grateful for just four more years with Dad, enough for him to see me become an adult for real.(我当时决定，我将感谢与父亲再相处四年，足够他看到我真正成为一个成年人)”可知，作者很享受和父亲在一起的时光。故选B。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段“When the phone finally stopped ringing and the house lay still with grief, I filled my home with the sweet smell of peach pie to mask the scent of worry that still lingered.(当电话铃终于停了，整个房子都沉浸在悲伤之中时，我用桃子馅饼的甜味填满了我的家，以掩盖仍然挥之不去的忧虑的味道)”可知，作者这个夏天因父亲的患病心情沉重，感到痛苦。但是通过向父亲展示了如何制作桃子馅饼，我突然觉得自己长大了，这又是很有意义的。D项“Painstaking but meaningful(痛苦但有意义的)”符合题意。故选D。

【7题详解】

主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了作者的父亲被诊断出患有匹克氏病，家人都沉浸在悲伤之中时，作者用桃子馅饼的甜味填满了她的家，以掩盖仍然挥之不去的忧虑的味道。A项“Peach Pie(桃子馅饼)”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。

C

【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D11. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要告诉我们要放弃“内疚的快乐”，学会做快乐的事情。

【8题详解】

词义猜测题。根据文章第一段第三句话“Perhaps a snack so disgusting it wound up coming back around to be delicious（也许是一种如此恶心的零食，以至于它最终回来变得美味）”以及表示选择关系的连词or可知，前后表达的意思一致。根据第三句话后半句话“that it ended up being a fantastic watch.（以至于它最终成为一场很棒的观赏。）”可知，画线词与unbearable同义，意为“难以忍受”。故选D项。

9题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第三段第一句话“It’s natural to want to appear “cool” to other people（想要对其他人来说显得“很酷”是很自然的）”可知，作者主要表达了大多数人都想得到别人的认可。故选A项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句话“My point is, the things that hold us back from openly enjoying our “guilty pleasures” often come from completely unfounded places.（我的观点是，阻碍我们公开享受“内疚的快乐”的事情往往来自完全没有根据的地方）”可知，没有根据的地方应是理想的。D项“维护我们理想形象的目的”符合题意。故选D项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第二句话“If you’ve found something that eases the stress of life even just a little bit, hold onto it for dear life.（如果你已经找到了一些可以缓解生活压力的东西，哪怕只是一点点，那就坚持下去吧。）”可知，作者会支持人们做一些事情来缓解生活压力。B项“让自己从固定的意见中解脱出来”符合题意。故选B项。

D

【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C15. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的隔震方法利用滚动的物理特性，用现成的材料（回收的网球）创造一种成本较低的替代方案。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“A new seismic-isolation method uses the physics of rolling to create a lower-cost alternative with readily available materials: recycled tennis balls.（一种新的隔震方法利用滚动的物理特性，用现成的材料（回收的网球）创造一种成本较低的替代方案。）”可知，工程师们使用回收的网球是为了降低隔震建筑的费用。故选D。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“By separating a building from the ground with a layer of spheres (球体), rolling isolation changes unstable horizontal shaking into a gentle rocking motion. （通过用一层球体将建筑物与地面隔开(球体), 滚动隔离将不稳定的水平振动变为轻微的摇摆运动。）”可知，这种新型方法可将震动转化为轻柔的震动。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zhang says that the work is worthwhile and that such technology might serve an unmet need. But she notes that the results are primary.（张说，这项工作是值得的，这样的技术可能服务于一个未满足的需求。但她指出，结果是初步的。）”可知，张既肯定这项工作是值得的，但同时也承认这项结果是初步的，所以他对这项新技术持客观公正的态度。故选C。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。本文前两段指出建筑隔震系统增加建筑成本，从而引出第三段话题——一种新的隔震方法。下文继续阐述该方法的设计原理和隔震效果解释这种新型隔震方法。C项“A low-cost design helps shaking buildings roll to a stop.（一种低成本的可以帮助摇晃的建筑物停下来的设计。）”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。

【答案】16. E 17. B 18. C19. D 20. G

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者对读书的喜爱。

【16题详解】

根据上文“I’ve thought long and hard about individual books that have changed my life.(我花了很长时间仔细思考那些改变了我生活的书)”可知，作者一直在思考哪些书改变了自己的生活，结合下文“But considering books in the broader sense, that’s a different matter; books, by themselves, have most definitely changed my life.(但考虑到更广泛意义上的书籍，这是另一回事；书籍本身就改变了我的生活)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是描述思考的结果，即没有想出有改变了自己生活的书。E项“诚实的回答是，真的没有”符合语境。故选E项。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Even then I knew books mattered and as soon as I could write my name correctly, I would claim ownership (所有权) of books.(即使在那时，我也知道书很重要，我早在能把自己的名字写对时，就对书宣示所有权)”可知，作者会拼写自己的名字时就开始在书上写上自己的名字，宣示对书的所有权。B项“从那时起，我的拼写也提高了很多”符合语境，B项中的“then”指代上文的“as soon as I could write my name correctly”。故选B项。

【18题详解】

根据上文“The next milestone on my journey with books probably came when I discovered Enid Blyton.(我读书之旅的下一个里程碑可能是在我发现Enid Blyton的时候)”可知，作者发现Enid Blyton的书时对自己来说是一个里程碑，结合下文“I read every single one of the ‘Famous Five’, ‘Secret Seven’ and ‘Adventurous Four’ books,(我读了《著名五人组》、《秘密七人组》和《冒险四人组》的每一本书)”可知，空处应是描述Enid Blyton的书对作者的影响。C项“她的书使我成为一个全心全意的读者”符合语境。故选C项。

【19题详解】

根据下文“When real life gets too much, what better place to seek shelter than the pages of a detective book that takes you away to another place?(当现实生活变得太多时，还有什么地方比一本侦探书更好地把你带到另一个地方去寻求庇护呢？)”可知，作者喜欢读侦探类小说。D项“我最喜欢的类型绝对是侦探小说”符合语境。故选D项。

【20题详解】

根据下文“I studied for a degree in English Literature, and three years spent analyzing texts which I would otherwise not have chosen to read, greatly took the shine off reading. It took me a long time to find my way back to books.(我学的是英国文学，花了三年时间分析那些我本来不会选择阅读的文本，这大大削弱了阅读的吸引力。我花了很长时间才重新回到阅读的路上)”可知，本段是讲述阅读过程中的不易。G项“但我和书的关系并不总是那么容易”符合语境。故选G项。

【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A24. C 25. D 26. A27. D 28. B 29. C30. A 31. C 32. B33. D 34. A 35. D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者在后院发现了几只毛毛虫，为了让毛毛虫安全蜕变，作者打造了一个蝴蝶屋，宠物狗Bella寸步不离蝴蝶屋，见证了它们蜕变的每一步，最后依依不舍地送蝴蝶离开。

【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们11岁的女儿Kaitlin发现它在一根树枝上嗅来嗅去、用爪子抓来抓去，上面有几只毛毛虫在啃咬。A. cave洞穴；B. branch树枝；C. bone骨头；D. dustbin垃圾箱。根据“where several caterpillars (毛毛虫) chewed away”可知，此处指Bella抓着一根树枝嗅来嗅去。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫非常担心我们的后院——鸟类、松鼠和邻居家的猫经常出没的地方——对脆弱的毛毛虫来说不是最安全的环境。A. messy凌乱的，脏乱的；B. rare罕见的；C. frequent经常的，频繁的；D. noisy喧闹的。结合语境可知，鸟类、松鼠和邻居家的猫经常在后院出没，故选C项。

【23题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫非常担心我们的后院——鸟类、松鼠和邻居家的猫经常出没的地方——对脆弱的毛毛虫来说不是最安全的环境。A. delicate脆弱的；B. tiny极小的，微小的；C. gentle温柔的，轻柔的；D. delicious美味的。根据“wasn’t the safest environment”可知，经常有鸟类和小动物在后院出没，相比之下，毛毛虫要弱小很多，所以后院对于脆弱的毛毛虫来说不安全，故选A项。

【24题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我们建了一个蝴蝶屋，毛毛虫可以安全地蜕变。A. gradually逐渐；B. comfortably舒适地；C. safely安全地；D. easily容易地。上句中“wasn’t the safest environment”提到后院对于毛毛虫来说不安全，结合本句中“So we got a butterfly house”可知，建一个蝴蝶屋是为了让毛毛虫有个安全的环境。故选C项。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，当我们把蝴蝶屋搬到后院时，Bella也跟着搬。A. fought与……作斗争；B. dealt应对，对付；C. agreed同意；D. moved（使）移动，搬动。空后的it指代上文的“the butterfly house”，根据空前“when we took the butterfly house to the backyard”可知，此处指“我们把蝴蝶屋搬到后院时，Bella也跟着蝴蝶屋一起挪动”，故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上，当我们把它带回家时，Bella也跟着进去，然后就睡在它依靠的桌子下面。A. followed跟随；B. left离开；C. hesitated犹豫；D. ignored忽视。根据“and then slept under the table on which it rested”可知，此处指把蝴蝶屋搬进屋时，Bella也跟着进去，然后睡在旁边。故选A项。

【27题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道Bella为何如此依恋，但她见证了蝴蝶蜕变的每一步。A. curious好奇的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. scared害怕的；D. attached非常喜欢……的，依恋的。根据上文描述可知，Bella一直跟随蝴蝶屋的脚步，所以此处指不知道Bella为何如此依恋蝴蝶屋，故选D项。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道Bella为何如此依恋，但她见证了蝴蝶蜕变的每一步。A. journey旅程；B. transformation转变，变化；C. tragedy悲剧；D. flight航班。根据上文“So we got a butterfly house where the caterpillars could ____4____ transform.”可知，建造蝴蝶屋是为了让毛毛虫安全蜕变，Bella一直紧跟蝴蝶屋的足迹，所以见证了蝴蝶蜕变的每一步。故选B项。

【29题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶是，Kaitlin释放它们时，Bella似乎并不担心。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Delightfully愉快地；C. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；D. Thankfully感激地。上文提到Bella非常依恋蝴蝶屋，所以蝴蝶被放生时Bella并不担心，这让人感到惊讶。故选C项。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，Kaitlin释放它们时，Bella似乎并不担心。A. released释放，放走；B. cupped（用手）做成杯状；C. hurt伤害；D. approached接近。根据下文“Away the queen butterfly flew”可知，此处指把蝴蝶放走。故选A项。

【31题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，Bella似乎明白这是循环一部分。A. experiment实验；B. adventure冒险；C. cycle循环；D. rescue营救，救援。结合语境可知，蝴蝶被放生时Bella并不担心，它似乎明白这是循环的一部分。故选C项。

【32题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到最后一只蝴蝶没有飞走，Bella才表示担心。A. love爱；B. concern担心；C. doubt怀疑；D. gratitude感谢。上文提到Bella似乎并不担心，结合下文“She gently rested her head near the 　　13　　flier”可知，此处指直到最后一只蝴蝶没有飞走，Bella才表现出担心。故选B项。

【33题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地把头靠在那只不情愿的蝴蝶旁边，蝴蝶爬到她鼻子上。A. stubborn固执的；B. abnormal异常的；C. brave勇敢的；D. unwilling不情愿的。根据文章内容及空后“which crawled onto her nose”可知，蝴蝶不愿离去。故选D项。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bella抬起头，努着鼻子，发出一声像狗一样的叹息。A. sighs叹气，叹息；B. cries叫喊，叫声；C. cheers欢呼声；D. regrets遗憾，惋惜。上文说直到最后一只蝴蝶没有飞走，Bella才表现出担心，因此Bella应是叹息，故选A项。

【35题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：蝶后飞走了，轻轻地上下摆动着翅膀，似乎需要朋友轻轻推一下，她就开始了迁徙。A. benefit好处；B. hug拥抱；C. understanding理解；D. push推。根据上文“Bella lifted her head, pointed her nose”可知，Bella抬起头，努努鼻子，蝴蝶才飞走，它似乎是需要朋友轻轻推一下才开始迁徙之旅。故选D项。

【答案】36.as 37. is 38. are linked 39. an 40. who 41. stressful 42. evidently 43. Eating 44. brain’s 45. to arouse

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一项研究结果，安慰食物令人感到舒适的原因是其味道会唤醒人们熟悉的记忆。

【36题详解】

考查介词。句意：研究表明，我们认为有安慰作用的食物并不含有任何神奇的特性。结合句意可知，此处指“我们认为有安慰作用的食物”，用动词短语think of…as，故填as。

【37题详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：让人欣慰的是它们带给别人的亲近感。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语是What引导的主语从句，空后的表语the feeling是名词单数，be动词用is。故填is。

【38题详解】

考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：关于安慰食物的想法与热量、温暖或幸福感有关。结合上下文时态可知，此处用一般现在时，主语Thoughts和谓语动词link之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are linked。

【39题详解】

考查不定冠词。句意：纽约州立大学布法罗分校的心理学副教授Shira Gabriel表示，但我们没有想到的是，安慰性食物也为我们提供了一些社会性的东西。professor教授，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且associate是以元音音素开头，故填an。

【40题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：Gabriel研究发现，与他人关系密切的人更有可能在争吵或其他情绪紧张的场合后吃安慰食物。分析句子可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填who。

【41题详解】

考查形容词。句意：Gabriel的研究发现，与他人关系密切的人更有可能在争吵或其他情绪紧张的场合后吃安慰食物。空处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词occasion，stressful紧张的，故填stressful。

【42题详解】

考查副词。句意：然而，其他研究也明显表明，舒适和食物之间的界限并不像“垃圾食品=快乐”那么明显。修饰动词shown应用副词，故填evidently。

【43题详解】

考查动名词。句意：吃所谓的“垃圾食品”确实会激活大脑的奖励系统，但这种兴奋是短暂的，因为它不是真正舒适的深层奖励。空处作主语，应用动名词形式，首字母应大写。故填Eating。

【44题详解】

考查名词所有格。句意：吃所谓的“垃圾食品”确实会激活大脑的奖励系统，但这种兴奋是短暂的，因为它不是真正舒适的深层奖励。此处修饰名词短语reward system，应用名词所有格形式。故填brain’s。

【45题详解】

考查动词不定式。句意：但舒适的食物有某种唤起归属感和记忆的能力。the ability to do，有能力做某事，用不定式作后置定语，故填to arouse。

第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)

【答案】Possible version:

Good morning, everyone!

I’m honored to share with you a poem written by our team, a cinquain themed adversity.

As we know, a cinquain, consisting of five lines, is a simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write. The poem we wrote aims to offer an insight into adversity, filled with challenges but rewards in our daily life. Faced with difficulties, we may fail. However, we should reflect on ourselves and continue with courage and perseverence rather than give up. Surely, we’ll gain valuable experience, which will undoubtedly build up our confidence and enable us to grow up. Let’s cope with the adversity with a brave heart.

That’s all. Thank you for listening!

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生作为小组代表，在英语课上就小组合作创作一首英文五行诗(Cinquain)上台做一分钟发言，阐释该诗的特征以及创作意图。

【详解】1.词汇积累

荣幸的：honored→privileged

由……组成：consist of → be made up of

面临：faced with→confronted with

解决，处理：cope with→ deal with/handle

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：I’m honored to share with you a poem written by our team, a cinquain themed adversity.

拓展句：I’m honored to share with you a poem written by our team, a cinquain whose theme is adversity.

【点睛】【高分句型1】As we know, a cinquain, consisting of five lines, is a simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句以及现在分词作定语)

【高分句型2】Surely, we’ll gain valuable experience, which will undoubtedly build up our confidence and enable us to grow up.(运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句)

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

【答案】Possible version：

Gabe said, “it is going to be a toy tree.” He explained that they were going to decorate it and put tags on it so they can buy presents for children who need them. Then he flashed a look for help at his mum.“Yes,”Mum said enthusiastically, "Mr Snider, we’re decorating it this weekend." Mr. Snider looked suspicious. He almost turned purple trying to think up an argument, but he was beaten. He lowered his chainsaw and stormed off. That evening, Gabe and his mum put up posters to let everyone know about the toy tree, and they contacted the charity to get tags.

By the weekend, the charity tags had arrived. The whole community came to decorate the tree. They sang as they hung tags, and it felt like a party. The bare tree soon looked dazzling. Everyone went home, beamingly, with a tag from the toy tree. As Gabe stepped back to admire everyone’s handiwork, he spotted Mr Snider looking out of his window with a frown. Gabe waved at him. “We leave one tag for you!” With hesitation, Mr. Snider let out a sigh, then walked to the toy tree and took it down. At that moment, the tree was not an eyesore any more.

【解析】

【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小区花园里有一棵树，Gabe和小伙伴们都很喜欢这棵树。这棵树是对社区的祝福，但看护者 Mr. Snider讨厌这棵树，他视这棵树为眼中钉。新年前的一天早上，Gabe发现他拿着电锯向树走去，Gabe和妈妈拼命想出理由来保护这棵树的故事。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“加布说：“这将是一棵玩具树。”可知，第一段可描写Gabe向看护者 Mr. Snider解释他的玩具树并联系了慈善机构获得标签。②由第二段首句内容“到了周末，慈善标签已经到了。”可知，第二段可描写大家来装饰这棵树，给树挂上标签，小孩子都兴奋地带着玩具树上的标签。 Mr. Snider目睹这一切，很欣慰，那一刻，这棵树不再是他的眼中钉了。2.续写线索：解释——Mr. Snider离开——获得标签——装饰树——小朋友开心——Mr. Snider感悟3.词汇激活行为类①瞥一眼：flash a look /glance/glimpse ②.叹气：let out a sigh /sigh③.发现：spot/notice 情绪类①.热情地：enthusiastically /with enthusiasm ②.怀疑的：suspicious/doubtful

③.喜气洋洋地：beamingly /joyfully 【点睛】[高分句型1]. As Gabe stepped back to admire everyone’s handiwork, he spotted Mr Snider looking out of his window with a frown. （由as引导的时间状语从句。）[高分句型2]. With hesitation, Mr. Snider let out a sigh, then walked to the toy tree and took it down.（由let out a sigh、walked to the toy tree 和 took it down三个并列谓语动词构成连贯的动作链。）