1. 仔细审题，明确要求

审题时要做到以下几点：

(1) 审体裁。高考书面表达体裁主要有记叙文、议论文、应用文等，近年来，试题的呈现形式也有新的变化，如写发言稿、演讲稿、新闻报道等。同学们要熟悉各种文体的写作规律及基本格式，以提高写作技能。

(2) 审要求。书面表达试题一般都由“情景”和“要求”两部分构成。情景中包括所写材料的目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等，而要求以“注意”的形式给出。因此，同学们一定要根据要点提示提取关键词，确定要点。

(3) 审人称。书信中常常会用到第一人称和第二人称，但在涉及其他人或物的介绍说明时，常用第三人称。

(4) 审时态。根据情景判断短文需要的主体时态。讲述现在的情况应用一般现在时；涉及计划打算时，常用一般将来时；涉及对以往的事实叙述时，常用一般过去时。

2. 抓准中心，列出提纲

同学们在写作时，可先列出提纲，所写内容一定要切题，紧扣要点。此外，应力争行文条理清晰，避免一段到底。根据写作提示内容与要点，一般采用两段式或三段式。

3. 选词组句，构建框架

同学们在写作时，首先将要点逐条列出来。表达时应该综合运用所掌握的知识，避开生僻的词汇，用地道的英语表达出来。适当使用复杂结构和高级词汇，以提升文章的档次。

4. 过渡词语，连句成篇

同学们在写作时，一定要选择适当的过渡词语，按照篇章结构连句成篇。在这一过程中要注意选择恰当的表示并列、递进、因果或转折意义的过渡词，把所有要点、句子连接起来，使句与句之间结构清晰。

（2021年全国乙卷）你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Be Smart Online Learners”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，内容包括：

1. 分析优势与不足；

2. 提出学习建议。

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 题目和首句已为你写好。

Be Smart Online Learners

Online learning has become an important way to study recently.

【审题谋篇】

1. 明确体裁与要点

本文要求写的是发言稿，主题为“Be Smart Online Learners”，内容包括：（1）网络学习的优势；（2）网络学习的不足；（3）针对如何使用网络进行学习提出建议。

2. 注意连贯与逻辑

本篇发言稿需要结合写作主题和要点，在已给出的首句“Online learning has become an important way to study recently.”的基础上展开，因此我们一定要注意语言连贯，使结构严谨、衔接自然、逻辑通顺，可以用“But it has both advantages and disadvantages”承接首句，过渡自然。接着就可以陈述网络学习的利弊。

陈述网络学习的优势时，可以先用“Online learning has some advantages.”作主题句，然后使用信号词 first、 second、 third、 besides、on the one hand ... on the other hand ... / for one thing ... for another ...等列举出网络学习的优势。

把话题转向网络学习的弊端时，可以使用一个转折词表示语意的转折，然后引出网络学习的弊端，如“However, the disadvantages of it can't be ignored. ”接着依次列出网络学习的不足。

提出改进网络学习的建议时，可以用“How to improve online learning? Here are some tips. / Here is some advice. / I'd like to offer some advice.”引出，然后写出改进网络学习的建议。

【佳作展示】

（一）

Be Smart Online Learners

Online learning has become an important way to study recently. However, each coin has two sides. So is learning online.

On the one hand, it's surely convenient and flexible for us to learn online, because it's up to us to decide what we learn and where and when we study. What's more, we can learn the lessons repeatedly. On the other hand, learning online has some weaknesses, the biggest of which is low efficiency caused by a lack of self-discipline.

How can we be smart online learners? First, it's necessary to have a quiet and comfortable room, which contributes to focusing attention. Second, good time management can improve our learning efficiency. More importantly, we should form a learning group online to motivate each other.

（二）

Be Smart Online Learners

Online learning has become an important way to study recently. But it has both advantages and disadvantages.

Online learning is very convenient for us. For one thing, we can save time by studying at home. For another, different teaching resources such as sound and videos can be used for learning. However, its disadvantages can't be ignored. The learning atmosphere isn't as active as in the classroom. Worse still, some students lack self-discipline when studying at home.

How to improve our online learning? I'd like to offer some advice. We should interact actively with our teachers and classmates about what we learn in class. Besides, it is a good idea to make a careful plan so that we can learn more efficiently.

策划：李靖

编辑：梁潇 白雪