【大三门冲刺·英语】下周一，2023沪高考英语听力试运转，你要的试题来啦！（附三大从句高效复习攻略）

2023年统一高考外语科目考试（6月）英语听力试运转将于2023年5月8日（星期一）14:50-15:20举行，收听频率为FM（调频）89.9兆赫，AM（中波）792千赫。英语听力试运转试题刊登于5月5日出版的《上海中学生报·高招周刊》。请考生提前做好准备工作，准时收听。英语听力试运转答案将刊登于5月12日出版的《上海中学生报·高招周刊》。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

上海英语卷听力试运转

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

A.She’s too sick to have any visitor.

B. Her sister’s flight was canceled.

C. Her sister has changed her plans.

D. She picked up her sister last night.

A. The library closes at five o’clock.

B. She’ll get the things the man needs.

C. Mary wants to go to the classroom too.

D. There isn’t enough time to go to the classroom.

A. Take less medicine each day.

B. Visit him as often as possible.

C. Have more stretching exercises.

D. Try a new kind of headache medicine.

A. The next bus leaves in 15 minutes.

B. The man can go to the exhibition by bus.

C. The man missed the subway trainto the exhibition.

D. The subway will arrive at the exhibition before 11:30.

A. The cellphone cannot be repaired.

B. The woman misunderstood what he said.

C. He doesn’t know what’s wrong with the cellphone.

D. The problem is different from what he thought it was.

A. She wished she had gone to sleep earlier.

B. She missed the beginning of the program.

C. She fell asleep before the program ended.

D. She was awakened in time to see the program.

A. More copies of the letter are needed.

B. It’s too late to apply for the university.

C. The man should get a more recent reference letter.

D. The principal is the best person to write the letter of reference.

A. He wants to talk to Sally and Mark.

B. The woman should not let out others’ secret.

C. He will explain to the woman what happened.

D. The woman shouldn’t get involved in the situation.

A. He wants the woman to postpone the lecture.

B. He hasn’t finished preparing for his lecture.

C. He can’t explain the simple concepts of economics.

D. He regularly gives lectures to high school students.

A. Hire a tutor before the mid-term exam.

B. Avoidmaking anymistake in the exam.

C. Turning tothe same tutor that she had.

D. Work hard to catch up with others.

Section B

Directions:In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

A. Most canals were not wide enough for the boats.

B. Other means of transportationbecame accessible.

C. The boats were no longer considered fashionable.

D. They learned the boats were bad for the environment.

A. Some people get frustrated with theirspeed.

B. Theyare mainly used for transportation.

C. People can have easy access to them.

D. A license is needed to operate them.

A. The changing role of narrow boats.

B. The uniqueness of the design of narrow boats.

C. The importance of narrow boats in the 18th century.

D. The reason why British people say hello to strangers.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

A. To get new design ideas.

B. To makefurniture used in space.

C. To take part in scientific training.

D. To create anenvironment similar to Mars.

A. It is operated by NASA.

B. It offers people a taste of isolated life on Mars.

C. It is used to train people for an educational purpose.

D. It helps people to get usedto living with limited resources.

A. How to store things.

B. How to think creatively.

C. How to live in space.

D. How to cut down the cost.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

A. Profession.

B. Manners.

C. News reports.

D. Psychology tests.

A. By travelling worldwide.

B. By testing the door holder.

C. By dropping a pile of papers.

D. By putting cups of coffee on a tray.

A. 35.

B. 55.

C. 70.

D. 90.

A. She impressed the reporter with what she held in her hands.

B. She helped the reporter even though her hands were full.

C. She was looking for what she could do for others.

D. She told the reporter a warm enough story.

状语从句、定语从句以及名词性从句合称三大从句，是高中阶段句法的难点，也是高考的考查重点，因此高三英语教师在指导语法复习时，常把三大从句的复习当成重中之重。

最后冲刺时间，如何高效地进行三大从句的复习呢？高招君支一招——纵向突破。具体来说，纵向突破，立足于语法项目间的比较，主要厘清不同语法项目相似用法的区别。

定语从句与名词性从句的区别

定语从句和名词性从句作用的区别

定语从句是形容词性的从句，它的功能是修饰先行词，是对性质、特征进行描述。先行词在定语从句中一般充当主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语，并用关系词代替。

名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，一般用以说明一件事。名词性从句一般在句子中充当主语、表语、宾语或同位语。

定语从句和名词性从句引导词的区别

不能用于定语从句中的引导词有what，whether，if，whever，how，because，as if，as though等，不能用于名词性从句中的引导词有 as 等。

既可引导定语从句，也可引导名词性从句的引导词有that，who，whom，whose，which， when，why，where 等，但引导两种从句时的意义不同。

定语从句的引导词用来代替前面的先行词，在从句中充当某一成分，常被译为“……的”或不译。在引导名词性从句时，这些引导词常含有疑问之意。

注意：由that 引导的名词性从句，从句句意完整,that没有具体意思，只起到引导从句的作用。

名词后定语从句和同位语从句的辨别

名词后若是定语从句，充当先行词的名词既可以是具体的，也可以是抽象的，且该名词在从句中充当某一成分。

名词后若是同位语从句，其前面的名词通常是抽象的，并且从句对该名词进行解释，该名词不在从句充当任何成分。常见的抽象名词有：news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message, suggestion，possibility，request，thought 等。

e.g. One of the sites, Gahirmatha, _______ around 70 to 80 million turtles lay eggs on the beach every year, is considered one of the worlds largest nesting sites.

解析：答案为 where。定语从句的先行词为 Gahirmatha，定语从句中主语“around 70 to 80 million turtles”、谓语“lay”、宾语“eggs”，主、谓、宾齐全，因此缺少状语，应填关系副词；先行词 Gahirmatha 表地点，用 where。

定语从句与状语从句的区别

定语从句和状语从句作用的区别

定语从句是形容词性的从句，相当于形容词的用法。先行词在定语从句中一般充当主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语，并用关系词代替。

状语从句在复合句中充当状语，相当于副词的用法，主要用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。状语从句根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。

定语从句和状语从句引导词的区别

不同作用的状语从句通常由不同的从属连词来引导。如：

(1) 引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when(ever)， while， as， before， after， since， until等。

(2) 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if， unless， as（so） long as， in case 等。

(3) 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有 in order that， so that， in case， for fear that等。

(4) 引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that， so...that， such...that等。

(5) 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because， as， since，in that等。

(6) 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although， though， even if/though， while， however等。

(7) 引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as， as if， as though等。

(8) 引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where， wherever等。

(9) 引导比较状语从句的从属连词主要有than和as...as。

定语从句的引导词通常由关系代词：that，who，whom，whose，which，as和关系副词：when，why，where组成。

既可引导定语从句，也可引导状语从句的引导词有when, where, as 等，但引导两种从句时的意义不同。由于两者的引导词存在重合，导致很多学生不能够正确区分定语从句与状语从句，从而在答题时屡屡失分。

A. When引导的时间状语从句与定语从句的区别

when 既可引导时间状语从句，又可引导定语从句，如何掌握两者之间的区别，就需要看句子中是否有表时间的先行词。若句中有表时间的先行词，那么此句是when引导的定语从句；若句中没有表时间的先行词，则此句是时间状语从句。when引导定语从句时，句中的when为关系副词，修饰限定表时间的先行词；时间状语从句中的when是连接词，起连接作用，不用来修饰限定句中表时间的词。

e.g. Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it to his grandson.

解析：本句是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the early 1990s，是表时间的先行词，故填when引导定语从句。

B. Where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别

where 既可以引导地点状语从句，又可以引导定语从句。如果句中有表地点的先行词，则本句是定语从句；如果句中没有表地点的先行词，则本句是地点状语从句。where引导定语从句时，where为关系副词，修饰限定句中表地点的先行词；where 引导地点状语从句时，where 是连接词，其作用是连接前后两个句子，不用来修饰表地点的词。

The rooms ______ the boys used to live look vacant.

解析：句意：男孩们过去住的房间看起来空荡荡的。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是the rooms，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以答案是where。

C. as引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别

as在引导非限制性定语从句时，用来指代后面整个句子的内容；当先行词与the same,as,such 连用时，从句常用as引导，且as 在从句中充当主语、宾语、或表语等；从句表“正如”的意思时，只用关系代词as引导，且此时as引导的定语从句可以放在句首、句中或句末。as 除了可引导定语从句外，还可以引导时间状语从句、原因状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句以及让步状语从句（见上文）。因此，要正确区分 as 引导的是状语从句还是定语从句，就需要认真分析句子结构，看句子中是否有先行词，as是否在句子中充当一定的句子成分。如果句中有先行词，并在句中充当一定的成分，那么此句是as引导的定语从句，反之是as引导的状语从句。

Scientist think that animal companionship is beneficial _________animals are accepting and attentive, and they don't criticize or give orders. Animals have the unique ability to be more social.

解析：分析句子可知，空格处前没有表地点的先行词，且后面的句子说明了“动物的陪伴是有益的”的三个原因，因此需要原因状语从句的从属连词：as/ because/since。

名词性从句与状语从句的区别

if 和whether引导名词性从句和状语从句的区别

If 引导宾语从句时，意为“是否”；引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果”。Whether引导宾语从句时，可以与if互换；除了宾语从句外，whether还可以引导其他名词性从句时，意为“是否”；引导让步状语从句时，意为“不论……还是……”。

Mother had just said that ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city.

解析：答案为if。句意：妈妈曾说过，如果我想有一个更好的职业发展，我只好在这个城市找工作。根据句意可知，此处考查条件状语从句，需要从属连词，且有“如果”的意思，故答案是if。

whoever,whatever引导名词性从句和状语从句的区别

“疑问代词who/what+ever”结构可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时可用“no matter +疑问代词”结构替换，但当他们引导名词性从句时，不可以改成“no matter +疑问代词”结构。

Therefore, _____ is known about it is just based on drawings and on descriptions by the first European visitors.

解析：答案为whatever/what。句意：因此，人们对它的（任何）了解只是基于图纸和第一批欧洲游客的描述。分析句子可知，空格处需要主语，且“______ is known about it”充当第二个“is”的主语，所以此处考查主语从句，需要从属连词做主语，且有“什么”的意思，故答案是whatever/what。

相关推荐

+21，普通高等学校本科专业目录更新！沪上本科高校有这些专业获批新增——

@2023高考生：组图详解高招“三大专项计划”

欲“叩问苍穹”，需“格物致知”，这些能助力“航天梦”的专业，了解一下——

【直播回看】为国“强基”，正当其时！完整版2023强基计划招生专场视频回看

2023沪秋招工作办法公布，考试时间确定

通讯员 | 思媛

文 | 上海市继光高级中学刘加玉

实习生 | 欧阳诗祁 · 编辑 | 冯灿文

《上海中学生报·高招周刊》首发稿件，未经授权谢绝转载。