2022年河南省五市高考英语二调试卷
A
China announced the establishment of the first-ever five national parks during the COP15 biodiversity summit.
— Sanjiangyuan National Park
Located on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the Sanjiangyuan area is home to the headwaters of the Yangtze.Yellow and Lancang rivers,which help to raise billions of lives.The glaciers and snow mountains are beautiful and animals such as snow leopards and blue sheep are tough.In Sanjiangyuan National Park,ecological protection and development of animal-farming areas are carried out.
— The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park
The Siberian tiger and the Amur leopard are endangered species under global protection.The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park is important for the survival of these animals and restoring and keeping stable populations.Tigers and leopards can walk around freely in the mountains.
— The Giant Panda National Park
The Giant Panda National Park on the borders of Sichuan,Shaanxi and Gansu provinces is home to 1，339 wild pandas,70 percent of China's total.As an umbrella species,countless creatures which share the habitat with the pandas also gain a better living environment.Rare animals such as golden snub-nosed monkeys and takins also thrive in the area.
— Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park
Hainan black-crested gibbons,listed as the world's most endangered primate （灵长类的） species,are found only in the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.To preserve the tropical rainforest ecosystem,the people in the core area moved out to leave an undisturbed environment for ecological restoration.
— Wuyishan National Park
UNESCO described Wuyi Mountains as the most outstanding area for biodiversity conservation in southeast China.It is a lotus land of rare wildlife,with many species only found in China.For the past one hundred years,biologists from China and abroad have researched and discovered more than 1，000 new species in the mountains.
1.In which park can you see glaciers and snow mountains？ ______
A. The Northeast China Tiger and Leopard National Park.
B. Sanjiangyuan National Park.
C. The Giant Panda National Park.
D. Wuyishan National Park.
2.What animals share the habitat with the pandas？ ______
A. Blue sheep B. The Amur leopard.
C. Black-crested gibbons. D. Snub-nosed monkeys.
3.How did people protect the Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park？ ______
A. They moved away from their original living places.
B. They defended the animal-farming areas.
C. They set up areas for animals to walk around freely.
D. They helped scientists research and discover new species.
B
Kids always have many doubts like：why do people have to die？Are mistakes always bad？Can you be happy and sad at the same time？Children often say that they lie awake at night thinking about things like why the world has the colors as it does,the nature of time and whether dream are real.These are not the kinds of questions that can be answered by googling them or asking Siri.
When children raise these questions,adults tend to respond with explanations that try to resolve the issue,at least temporarily.It's natural to attempt to comfort a kid who is feeling puzzled by the world.But simple explanations may not be what the child wants.Sometimes,kids simply want to talk about their questions and thoughts.
Most kids start wondering about big questions almost as soon as they learn to speak,and they continue to think about them throughout childhood.Being full of curiosity about things that most adults take for granted,children all over the world are wide open to the mysteries in human life.But as they get older,kids ask questions less and less.
While children do need adult help and guidance,parents don't always have to be in position of the experts providing the answers.Thinking with children about their bigger questions can make way for a more mutual kind of interactions.Because these kinds of questions tend not to have settled and final answers,discussions about them allow parents and children to wonder together.In this way,adults feel less pressure to be the experts.
Most of children have few long-held assumptions about bigger questions.Kids often suggest original and creative ways of looking at them.Talking with kids about what they are thinking without always feeling to offer answers can help them explore their own concerns and ideas.
4.How will adults probably react when kids ask questions according to the text？ ______
A. Attempt to raise their curiosity.
B. Help surf the Internet for answers.
C. Give them simple explanations.
D. Praise their courage and bravery.
5.What can we learn about kids' asking questions from paragraph 3？ ______
A. It needs adults' guidance.
B. It starts from a very young age.
C. It helps improve their academic performance.
D. It makes a difference to their speech.
6.Which can best replace the underlined word " " in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Respected. B. Forced. C. Inspired. D. Convinced.
7.What does the text mainly discuss？ ______
A. Why children ask big questions.
B. When parents join in kids' questions.
C. How parents handle kids' questions.
D. What kinds of questions children raise.
C
Mice are at their best at night.But a new analysis suggests researchers often test the nightly creatures during the day-which could alter results and create variability across studies-if they record time-of-day information at all.
Of the 200 papers examined in the new study,more than half either failed to report the timing of behavioral testing or did so ambiguously.Only 20 percent reported nighttime testing.The analysis was published in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews.
West Virginia University neuroscientist Randy Nelson,the study's lead author,says this is likely a matter of human convenience. "It is easier to get students and techs to work during the day than at night," Nelson says.But that convenience comes at a cost.
"Time of day not only impacts the intensity of many variables,including locomotor（运动）activity,aggressive behavior,and plasma hormone levels,but changes in those variables can only be observed during certain parts of the daytime," says University of Wyoming behavioral neuroscientist William D.Todd.This means that "failing to report time of day of data collection and tests makes interpretation of results extremely difficult," adds Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center staff scientist Natalia Machado.Neither Todd nor Machado was involved in the new study.
The study researchers say it is critical that scientists report the timing of their work and consider the fact that animals' behavioral and physiological responses can vary with the hour.As a first step,Nelson says, "Taking care of time-of-day considerations seems like low-hanging fruit in terms of increasing behavioral neuroscience research reliability."
University of Calgary psychologist Michael Antle,who was also not involved in the analysis,says such differences in how studies are run contribute to a "replication（复制）crisis" in science,with other laboratories unable to re-create study results. "Running a study at the wrong time," he says, "could lead to us completely missing a finding altogether."
8.Why is it rare to make nighttime tests？ ______
A. Because mice are inactive at night.
B. Because it's less convenient to people.
C. Because it costs more to test at night.
D. Because the test effect is better in the day.
9.What is the text mainly about？ ______
A. Convenience of daytime research with mice.
B. Reasons for scientific research with mice.
C. Different views on the research with mice.
D. Drawbacks of daytime research with mice.
10.What is Michael Antle's attitude towards daytime mouse research？ ______
A. Ambiguous. B. Objective. C. Disapproval. D. Positive.
11.Where is this text most likely from？ ______
A. A magazine. B. A textbook. C. A guidebook. D. A document.
D
Since the prehistoric times,man has had an urge to satisfy his needs.Be it hunger,shelter or search for mate,he has always used the circumstances to the best of his advantages.Probably this might be the reason why we human are the most developed of all living species on the earth and probably also in the universe.As we climbed the steps of evolution,we somehow left behind common sense and logical thinking.We forgot that we have stopped thinking ahead of times.
If you are hungry,what do you do？Grab a piece of your favorite meal and stay quiet after that？Just like your stomach,your mind is also hungry,but it never lets you know,because you keep it busy thinking about your appearance,favorite star and many such ridiculous things.So it silently began to give way to your needs and never let itself grow.When mind loses its freedom to grow,creativity gets a full stop.
Hunger of the mind can be actually satisfied through extensive reading.Now why reading but not watching TV.Because reading has been the most educative tool used by us right from the childhood.Just like how to develop other aspects of our life,we have to take help of our reading.You have numerous books in this world which can answer all your "how to" questions.
Once you read a book,you just don't run your eyes through the lines,but your mind decodes it and explains it to you.The interesting part of the book is stored in your mind as a seed.Now these seeds are unknowingly used by you in the future to develop new ideas.The same seed,if used many times,can help you link a lot of things which you would have never thought of in your wildest dreams.This is nothing but creativity.More the number of books you read,your mind will open up like never before.Also this improves oral skills to a large extent and makes a significant contribution to your vocabulary.Within no time you start speaking English or any language fluently with your friends or other people.And you never seem to run out of the right words at the right time.
12.What helps man become the most advanced species in the world？ ______
A. Searching for food and shelter.
B. Taking good care of the young.
C. Making the best of the surroundings.
D. Adopting a great deal of logical thinking.
13.Why do people ignore their mental starvation？ ______
A. They are occupied with absurd thoughts.
B. They are too engaged with the daily routine.
C. They lose the freedom to grow.
D. They think little of mental health.
14.How does reading benefit people's creativity？ ______
A. By enlarging their vocabulary.
B. By answering "how to" questions.
C. By explaining the content of a book.
D. By assisting in the formation of new ideas.
15.What is the best title of the text？ ______
A. Reading helps realize one's dream.
B. Reading meets man's hunger in mind.
C. Reading is a best habit for teenagers.
D. Reading can replace food for human.
Writing a summary of a book,or making notes of a book,is a great way for you to absorb what you're reading. (1) To write a good summary,read the book carefully while taking notes on important ideas,plot,and main characters.Here are ways to guide you to make notes.
Make notes on the text as you read.It will help you find important passages easily while you are writing the summary.Circle,highlight,or note anything that's confusing,important,surprising,or interesting.If the book belongs to you,feel free to highlight passages and write in it. (2)
Write notes while you're reading. (3) Taking notes as you read will allow you to record things correctly.This will create less work for you than if you try to go back and check on details later.It might be a good idea to keep several different pieces of paper next to you for notes.One can be for general impressions and quick thoughts.You can also make notes to keep track of words you don't recognize.
(4) Write down the main characters' names and a brief description of their personalities or major characteristics.Include a line or two about each of the main characters' desires and goals.You can also make a timeline of the major events that occur in the book,especially if the plot is complicated or confusing.
Break the book down into sections.To keep yourself from getting puzzled,think about the book in three parts.The story will have a beginning,middle,and end. (5) The beginning will be focused on introducing the major character.The middle will explore the major "problem" of the book.The end will resolve the book's major problem.
A.Identify the main point of each section.
B.Organize your notes based on these sections.
C.Keep a list of the main characters or a timeline.
D.Use a dictionary to look these up and then write down the definitions.
E.Keep a notebook next to you while you read so you can put down your thoughts.
F.If the book does not belong to you,use sticky notes to mark the passages instead.
G.It also gives you a quick reference to remember the main points anytime you need it.
16.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Maybe you've heard the saying, "A bird with a broken wing will never fly as high." I'm sure that T.J.Ware(21)this way almost every day in school,for he was caught stealing a year ago.
I met T.J.for the first time at a weekend leadership programme.At the(22)of the programme,T.J.was literally standing outside the circle of students,(23) the back wall.He didn't readily join the discussion groups.But slowly,the interactive games(24)him in.
The ice really(25)when the groups started building a list of positive and negative things that had occurred at school that year.T.J.had some definite thoughts on those situations.The other students in T.J.'s group welcomed his(26).All of a sudden T.J.felt like a part of the group,and before long he was being treated like a(27).The next day,T.J.was very(28) in all the sessions.By the end of the programme,he had(29)the Homeless Project team.He knew something about poverty,hunger and(30).The other students on the team were(31) with his passionate concern and ideas.They elected T.J.co-chairman of the team.
Two weeks later,T.J.and his friends led a group of 70 students in a(32) to collect food.They collected a school record：2，854 cans of food in just two hours.The local newspaper(33)the event with a full-page article the next day.That newspaper story was(34) on the main bulletin board at school,where(35) could see it.T.J.'s picture was up there for leading a(36)food drive.Every day he was reminded about what he did.He was being(37)as leadership material.
T.J.started(38)at school every day and answered questions from teachers for the first time.He led a(39) project for the homeless shelter.
T.J.reminds us that a bird with a broken wing only needs(40).But once it has healed,it can fly higher than the rest.
21.A. discovered B. felt C. followed D. observed
22.A. end B. approach C. beginning D. thought
23.A. against B. under C. behind D. over
24.A. swept B. brushed C. pushed D. drew
25.A. gathered B. piled C. melted D. formed
26.A. comments B. supports C. complaints D. excuses
27.A. hero B. leader C. loser D. winner
28.A. annoyed B. hesitant C. passive D. active
29.A. quit B. joined C. undertook D. adopted
30.A. hopefulness B. carelessness C. hopelessness D. happiness
31.A. filled B. tired C. surrounded D. impressed
32.A. drive B. walk C. run D. flight
33.A. interviewed B. covered C. punished D. founded
34.A. mailed B. caught C. posted D. taken
35.A. everybody B. someone C. nobody D. none
36.A. time-consuming B. hand-made
C. heart-broken D. record-setting
37.A. warned B. acknowledged C. denied D. accomplished
38.A. showing up B. dropping out C. going off D. turning down
39.A. third B. first C. second D. fourth
40.A. checking B. watching C. flying D. mending
41.Shuowen Jiezi is an ancient Chinese dictionary from the Han dynasty.Although not the first comprehensive Chinese character dictionary,it was the first to analyze the structure of the characters using the principle of organization by sections with (1) （share） parts called radicals （部首）
Xu Shen,a Han Dynasty scholar,composed Shuowen Jiezi.He finished (2) （edit） it in 100 CE，but due to emperor's unfavorable attitude towards scholarship,he waited (3) 121 CE before having his son Xǔ Chōng present it to Emperor An of Han along with a memorial.
In analyzing the structure of characters and defining the words represented by them,Xu Shen was committed to disambiguating （消除歧义） the meaning of the pre-Han Classics.His motives were more (4) （practice） and political.During the Han era,the popular theory of language was (5) using the correct names for things was essential for proper government.Xu explains in the postface："Now,as for writing systems and their offspring （衍生的） characters,these (6) （be） the root of the classics and the origin of kingly government."
Pre-Shuowen,Chinese dictionaries (7) （include） the Erya and the Fangyan were limited lists of characters (8) （loose）organized by semantic （语义的） categories.Xu Shen analytically organized characters in the comprehensive Shuowen Jiezi, (9) is a major innovation in the understanding of the Chinese writing system.
The dictionary,with a preface and 15 chapters,has 9，353 character entries,plus 1，163 graphic variants,with a total (10) （long） of 133，441 characters.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My favourite hobby is a stamp collecting.When I was a schoolboy,I have been collecting stamps.The stamps are keeping in six fat books which is my most valuable things.The collection includes certain uniquely stamps of some foreign countries.There are several advantage of this hobby.It is interesting but educational.It is cheap and does not take a lot space or require expensive tools.Through collecting stamps I can travel the world and learned knowledge about various countries.In my spare time,I usually sit down with our collection of stamps,enjoying myself.
假定你是李华。你组织了班级十名同学利用周末在社区充当抗疫志愿者，活动结束后，请你写一篇新闻稿，报道此项活动。内容包括：
1.活动的时间、地点；
2.活动现场；
3.号召广大中学生积极参与志愿者活动。
注意：
（1）字数100字左右；
（2）可适当添加细节，使行文连贯。
参考词汇：pandemic 流行病
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据SanjiangyuanNationalPark中句子Theglaciersandsnowmountainsarebeautifulandanimalssuchassnowleopardsandbluesheeparetough（冰川和雪山很美，雪豹和蓝羊等动物也很强壮。）可知在三江源国家公园能看到冰川和雪山。故选B。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据TheGiantPandaNationalPark中的句子Asanumbrellaspecies,countlesscreatureswhichsharethehabitatwiththepandasalsogainabetterlivingenvironment.Rareanimalssuchasgoldensnub-nosedmonkeysandtakinsalsothriveinthearea.（作为一种伞类物种，无数与大熊猫共享栖息地的生物也获得了更好的生存环境。金丝猴和羚羊等珍稀动物也在该地区繁衍生息。）可知金丝猴与大熊猫共享栖息地。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据HainanTropicalRainforestNationalPark中的句子Topreservethetropicalrainforestecosystem,thepeopleinthecoreareamovedouttoleaveanundisturbedenvironmentforecologicalrestoration.（为了保护热带雨林生态系统，核心区的居民迁出，留下一个未受干扰的环境进行生态恢复。）可知人们为了保护海南热带雨林国家公园，搬离了原来的住处。故选A。
本文主要介绍了在COP15生物多样性峰会期间，中国宣布建立有史以来第一个五个国家公园。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】C、B、B、C
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第二段Whenchildrenraisethesequestions,adultstendtorespondwithexplanationsthattrytoresolvetheissue,atleasttemporarily.It'snaturaltoattempttocomfortakidwhoisfeelingpuzzledbytheworld.Butsimpleexplanationsmaynotbewhatthechildwants.（当孩子们提出这些问题时，成年人往往会给出试图解决问题的解释，至少是暂时的。试图安慰一个对这个世界感到困惑的孩子是很自然的。但简单的解释可能不是孩子想要的。）可知当孩子们提问时，成年人可能会给他们简单的解释。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段Mostkidsstartwonderingaboutbigquestionsalmostassoonastheylearntospeak,andtheycontinuetothinkaboutthemthroughoutchildhood.（大多数孩子几乎一学会说话就开始思考重大问题，他们在整个童年都在思考这些问题。）可知从第3段我们可以了解到关于孩子们问问题这件事从很小的时候就开始了。故选B。
（3）B.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子Talkingwithkidsaboutwhattheyarethinkingwithoutalwaysfeeling toofferanswerscanhelpthemexploretheirownconcernsandideas.（与孩子们谈论他们的想法，而不是总是感到被迫提供答案，这可以帮助他们探索自己的担忧和想法。）可知划线词的意思是"强制"。A.Respected尊重；B.Forced强制；C.Inspired激励；D.Convinced使信服。故选B。
（4）C.主旨大意题。阅读全文以及根据第二段Whenchildrenraisethesequestions,adultstendtorespondwithexplanationsthattrytoresolvetheissue,atleasttemporarily.It'snaturaltoattempttocomfortakidwhoisfeelingpuzzledbytheworld.Butsimpleexplanationsmaynotbewhatthechildwants.Sometimes,kidssimplywanttotalkabouttheirquestionsandthoughts.（当孩子们提出这些问题时，成年人往往会给出试图解决问题的解释，至少是暂时的。试图安慰一个对这个世界感到困惑的孩子是很自然的。但简单的解释可能不是孩子想要的。有时候，孩子们只是想谈论他们的问题和想法。）可知本文主要讲述了父母如何处理孩子提出的问题。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母如何处理孩子提出的问题。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
8~11.【答案】B、D、C、A
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第三段WestVirginiaUniversityneuroscientistRandyNelson,thestudy'sleadauthor,saysthisislikelyamatterofhumanconvenience."Itiseasiertogetstudentsandtechstoworkduringthedaythanatnight,"Nelsonsays.Butthatconveniencecomesatacost.（该研究的主要作者、西弗吉尼亚大学神经学家兰迪?纳尔逊说，这可能是人类的便利问题。"让学生和技术人员白天工作比晚上容易，"纳尔逊说。但这种便利是有代价的。）可知，很少进行夜间测试，是因为在夜间进行测试对人们不太方便。故选B。
（2）D.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的Butanewanalysissuggestsresearchersoftentestthenightlycreaturesduringtheday-whichcouldalterresultsandcreatevariabilityacrossstudies-iftheyrecordtime-of-dayinformationatall.（但一项新的分析表明，研究人员经常在白天测试夜间的生物，如果他们记录了一天中的时间信息，可能会改变结果，并在整个研究中产生变化。）及最后一段UniversityofCalgarypsychologistMichaelAntle,whowasalsonotinvolvedintheanalysis,sayssuchdifferencesinhowstudiesareruncontributetoa"replication（复制）crisis"inscience,withotherlaboratoriesunabletore-createstudyresults."Runningastudyatthewrongtime,"hesays,"couldleadtouscompletelymissingafindingaltogether."（卡尔加里大学心理学家迈克尔?安特尔也没有参与分析，他说，研究运行方式的这种差异导致了科学领域的"复制危机"，其他实验室无法重新创建研究结果。"在错误的时间进行研究，"他说，"可能会导致我们完全错过一个发现。"）可知，研究人员经常在白天测试夜间的动物，如果他们只记录一天中的时间信息，可能会改变结果，并造成不同研究的不一致。科学家认为，在白天叫醒实验室老鼠可能会扭曲研究。由此可知，文章主要介绍了日间小鼠研究的缺点。故选D。
（3）C.情感态度题。根据最后一段UniversityofCalgarypsychologistMichaelAntle,whowasalsonotinvolvedintheanalysis,sayssuchdifferencesinhowstudiesareruncontributetoa"replication（复制）crisis"inscience,withotherlaboratoriesunabletore-createstudyresults."Runningastudyatthewrongtime,"hesays,"couldleadtouscompletelymissingafindingaltogether."（卡尔加里大学心理学家迈克尔?安特尔也没有参与分析，他说，研究运行方式的这种差异导致了科学领域的"复制危机"，其他实验室无法重新创建研究结果。"在错误的时间进行研究，"他说，"可能会导致我们完全错过一个发现。"）可知，MichaelAntle认为在错误的时间进行研究，会导致完全错过一个发现。由此可知，他对日间小鼠研究持不赞成态度。故选C。
（4）A.文章出处题。结合文章大意可知，文章主要讲述了日间小鼠研究的缺点。研究人员经常在白天测试夜间的动物，如果他们只记录一天中的时间信息，可能会改变结果，并造成不同研究的不一致。科学家认为，在白天叫醒实验室老鼠可能会扭曲研究。文章主要介绍了这项研究开展的经过以及发现。由此可知，这是一篇科普类说明文，很可能出自于一本杂志。故选A。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了日间小鼠研究的缺点。研究人员经常在白天测试夜间的动物，如果他们只记录一天中的时间信息，可能会改变结果，并造成不同研究的不一致。科学家认为，在白天叫醒实验室老鼠可能会扭曲研究。文章主要介绍了这项研究开展的经过以及发现。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】C、B、A、B
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段Beithunger,shelterorsearchformate,hehasalwaysusedthecircumstancestothebestofhisadvantages.Probablythismightbethereasonwhywehumanarethemostdevelopedofalllivingspeciesontheearthandprobablyalsointheuniverse.（无论是饥饿、庇护所还是寻找伴侣，他总是尽量利用环境。也许这就是为什么我们人类是地球上最发达的生物物种，也可能是宇宙中最发达的物种。）可知帮助人类成为世界上最先进的物种的是他们充分利用环境。故选C。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据文章第二段Justlikeyourstomach,yourmindisalsohungry,butitneverletsyouknow,becauseyoukeepitbusythinkingaboutyourappearance,favoritestarandmanysuchridiculousthings.（就像你的胃一样，你的大脑也饿了，但它从不让你知道，因为你让它忙着想你的外表，喜欢的明星和许多这样可笑的事情。）由此可知，你不知道你的大脑处于饥饿状态，因为你太忙于日常事务。故选B。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段More the number of books you read,your mind will open up like never before.Also this improves oral skills to a large extent and makes a significant contribution to your vocabulary.（你读的书越多，你的思想就会前所未有地开阔。此外，这在很大程度上提高了口语技能，并对你的词汇量做出了重大贡献。）可知阅读通过扩大词汇量来有利于人们的创造力。故选A。
（4）B.标题归纳题。当我们感到饿的时候，我们会去找东西吃，但是当大脑"饿"的时候，我们却很少会意识到。其实我们的大脑同胃一样都需要营养，只不过大脑需要阅读来培养我们的创造力、来帮助我们扩大词汇量，并且还可以提高我们的语言表达能力。文章主要通过解释，比较的方法来介绍大脑同胃一样也需要 "营养"，而阅读则是最佳方法，由此判断"B.Readingmeetsman'shungerinmind.读书满足人的思想饥渴"为最佳标题。故选B。
这是一篇说明文。当我们感到饿的时候，我们会去找东西吃，但是当大脑"饿"的时候，我们却很少会意识到。其实我们的大脑同胃一样都需要营养，只不过大脑需要阅读来培养我们的创造力、来帮助我们扩大词汇量，并且还可以提高我们的语言表达能力。
做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
16~20.【答案】G、F、E、C、A
【解析】（1）G.推理判断题。上文Writing a summary of a book,or making notes of a book,is a great way for you to absorb what you're reading. （写一本书的摘要，或者做一本书的笔记，是理解你正在阅读的东西的好方法）说明了做读书摘要或做读书笔记的好处。G项It also gives you a quick reference to remember the main points anytime you need it. （它还为你提供了一个快速参考，以便在你需要时随时记住要点）承接上文，继续讲述做读书摘要和读书笔记好处。故选G。
（2）F.推理判断题。上文If the book belongs to you,feel free to highlight passages and write in it. （如果这本书属于你，可以随意标记段落，并写进去）说明你可以随意标记自己的书。F项If the book does not belong to you,use sticky notes to mark the passages instead. （如果这本书不属于你，请使用带粘胶的便笺来标记段落）承接上文，讲述了在不属于自己的书上该怎么标记。故选F。
（3）E.推理判断题。下文It might be a good idea to keep several different pieces of paper next to you for notes.One can be for general impressions and quick thoughts.You can also make notes to keep track of words you don't recognize. （最好将几张不同的纸放在旁边做笔记。一个是为了总体印象和快速的想法。你还可以做笔记来了解你不认识的词）说明在阅读时准备纸，以便做记录。E项Keep a notebook next to you while you read so you can put down your thoughts. （阅读时，在旁边放一个笔记本，这样你就可以记下你的想法）引起下文，建议在阅读时准备一个笔记本，以便随时记录想法。故选E。
（4）C.段落大意题。下文Write down the main characters' names and a brief description of their personalities or major characteristics.Include a line or two about each of the main characters' desires and goals.You can also make a timeline of the major events that occur in the book,especially if the plot is complicated or confusing. （写下主要人物的名字，并简要描述他们的个性或主要特征。包括一两行关于每个主要角角的愿望，目标的台词。你还可以对书中发生的主要事件进行时间线处理，尤其是在情节复杂或令人困惑的情况下）说明可以通过记录主角和时间线来做读书笔记。C项Keep a list of the main characters or a timeline. （保留主要角色列表或时间线）引出下文，建议通过制作角色列表，记录时间线来做读书笔记。其中 main characters和timeline是关键词。故选C。
（5）A.推理判断题。上文Break the book down into sections.To keep yourself from getting puzzled,think about the book in three parts.The story will have a beginning,middle,and end. （将本书分为多个部分。为了不让自己感到困惑，把这本书分成三部分来思考。故事将有一个开始，中间和结束）"及下文"The beginning will be focused on introducing the major character.The middle will explore the major "problem" of the book.The end will resolve the book's major problem. （开头将侧重于介绍主要角色。中间将探讨本书的主要"问题"。结尾将解决本书的主要问题）建议将书分成几个部分，并确定每个部分的内容。A项Identify the main point of each section. （确定每个部分的要点）能够承上启下。故选A。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍做读书摘要和读书笔记的方法。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】B、C、A、D、C、A、B、D、B、C、D、A、B、C、A、D、B、A、C、D
【解析】（1）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.discovered发现；Bfelt感觉；C.followed跟随；D.obscrved观察。句意：我相信T.J.Ware在学校几乎每天都有这种感觉，因为他一年前偷东西被抓。根据前文"A birdwithabrokenwingwillneverflyashigh"（翅膀折断的鸟永远飞不到那么高），结合后文"forhewascaughtstealingayearago"，可知此处表达"有这种感觉"。故选B项。
（2）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.end结束；B.approach临近；C.begiming开始；D.thought思想。句意：节目一开始，T.J.就站在学生圈外，靠着后墙。根据后文"T.J.wasliterallystandingoutsidethecircleofstudents"，可知此处表达"节目开始"。故选C项，
（3）A.考查介词及语境理解。A.against靠着；B.under在……下面；C.behind在……后面；D.over超越。句意：节目一开始，T.J.就站在学生圈外，靠着后墙。根据后文"thebackwall"以及"Hedidntreadily jointhediscussiongroups"（他不愿意参加讨论小组），可知此处应该是靠着后墙，若无其事。故选A项。
（4）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.swept清扫；B.brushed刷净；C.pushed推；D.drew吸引。句意：但慢慢地，互动游戏吸引了他。根据前文"Butslowly"，可知互动游戏吸引了他。故选D项.
（5）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.gathered聚集；B.piled堆积；C.melted熔化；D.formed形成。句意：当这些小组开始列出那年在学校发生的积极和消极的事情时，冰真的融化了。T.J.对这些情况有一些明确的想法。根据前文"Butslowly,theinteractivegames himin."，可知此处应该是"融合了"这里指的就是T.J.不再躲避。故选C项。
（6）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.comments评论；B.supports支持；C.complaints抱怨；D.excuses借口。句意：T.J.小组的其他学生对他的评论表示欢迎。根据前文"hadsomedefinitethoughtsonthosesituations"（对那些情况有一些明确的想法），可知此处表达他的评论。故选A项。
（7）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.hero英雄；B.leader领导；C.loser失败者；D.winner获胜者。句意：突然间，TJ.觉得自己是这个团体的一部分，没过多久，他就被当作一个领导者对待。根据前文"TheotherstudentsinT.J'sgroupwelcomedhis（6）"，可知没过多久，他就被当作一个领导者对待。故选B项。
（8）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.passive被动的；D.active积极的。句意：第二天，T.J.在所有课程中都非常活跃。根据前文可知突然间，T.J.觉得自己是这个团体的一部分，没过多久，他就被当作一个领导者对待，所以在课堂活动上很活跃。故选D项。
（9）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.quit放弃；B.joined加入；C.undertook从事；D.adopted采纳。句意：项目结束时，他已经加入了无家可归者项目团队。根据后文"Theyelected T.J.co-chaimanoftheteam"（他们选举T.J.为该团队的联合主席），可知他经加入了无家可归者项目团队。故选B项。
（10）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.hopefulness希望；B.carelessness粗心；C.hopelessness绝望；Dhappiness快乐。句意：他对贫穷、饥饿和绝望有所了解。根据前文"poverty,hungerand"，可知此处指不好的方面，程度递进，绝望符合题意。故选C项。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.filled填满；B.tired使疲劳；C.surounded包围；D.impressed印象深刻。句意：团队中的其他学生对他的热情和想法印象深刻。根据后文"hispassionateconcernandideas"，可知是指"印象深刻"。故选D项。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.drive驱使；B.walk步行；C.run跑；D.flight航班。句意：两周后，T.J.和他的朋友们在热情的驱使下带领一个由70名学生组成的小组去收集食物。根据后文"fooddrive"，可知此处选drive。ina drive"驱使"。故选A项。
（13）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.interviewed采访；B.covered报道；C.punished惩罚；D.founded成立。句意：当地报纸第二天以整版文章报道了这一事件。根据前文"Thelocalnewspaper"，可知此处表达"报道"。故选B项。
（14）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.mailed邮寄；B.caught抓；C.posted张贴；D.taken带走。句意：报纸上的报道被张贴在学校的主公告板上，每个人都能看到。根据后文"onthemainbulletinboard"，可知此处用动词"张贴"。故选C项。
（15）A.考查代词及语境理解。A.everybody每个人；B.someone某人；C.nobody没有人；D.none没有。句意：报纸上的报道被张贴在学校的主公告板上，每个人都能看到。根据后文"onthemainbulletinboardatschool"，可知公告栏处应该每人都能看到。故选A项。
（16）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.time-consuming耗时的；B.hand-made手工制作的；C.heart-broken心碎的；D.record-setting创纪录的。句意：T.J.领导了一场创纪录的食品运动。根据上文"Theycollectedaschoolrecord：2，854cansoffoodinjusttwohours."，可知这场活动应该是创纪录的。故选D项。
（17）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.warned警告；B.acknowledged公认；C.denied否认；D.accomplished完成。句意：他被公认为领导人才。根据后文"leadership"，可知此处表达"公认"。故选B项。
（18）A.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.showingup出现；B.dropingout中途退出；C.goingoff离开；D.turningdown拒绝。句意：T.J.开始每天出现在学校，第一次回答老师的问题。根据后文"atschooleveryday"，可知他应该是每天出现在学校。故选A项.
（19）C.考查序数词及语境理解。A.third第三；B.first第一；C.second第二；D.fourth第四。句意：他领导了无家可归者收容所的第二个项目。根据前文提及他的第一个项目，此处应该是第二个项目。故选C项。
（20）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.checking核对；B.watching看；C.flying飞；D.mending修补。句意：T.J.提醒我们，翅膀折断的鸟只需要修补。根据第一段"Abirdwithabrokenwingwillneverflyashigh."，此处与之相对比，结合后文"Butonceithashealed,itcanflyhigherthantherest"（但一旦痊愈，它就能飞得比其他的更高。）可知表达翅膀折断的鸟只需要修补就能飞得更高。故选D项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了T.J.Ware因曾经犯错而认为"翅膀折断的鸟永远飞不到那么高"，后来参加老师的活动训练，慢慢改变态度，积极参加公益爱心事业，后来经过努力，彻底改变自己，重新找回自信，坚信"受伤的鸟一旦痊愈，它就能飞得比其他的更高。"的理念。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】【小题1】shared
【小题2】editing
【小题3】until/till
【小题4】practical
【小题5】that
【小题6】are
【小题7】including
【小题8】loosely
【小题9】which
【小题10】length
【解析】（1）shared.考查过去分词。句意：虽然它不是第一部全面的汉字词典，但它是第一部使用部首共享部分的分段组织原则来分析汉字结构的词典。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语，parts与share之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，故填shared。
（2）editing.考查动名词。句意：他在公元100年完成了编辑工作，但由于皇帝对学术的态度不好，他等到公元121年才让他的儿子许冲将它连同一个纪念物一起送给汉安帝。finish doing表示"完成做某事"，故填editing。
（3）until/till.考查时间状语。句意：他在公元100年完成了编辑工作，但由于皇帝对学术的态度不好，他等到公元121年才让他的儿子许冲将它连同一个纪念物一起送给汉安帝。until/till表示"直到"符合句意，故填until/till。
（4）practical.考查形容词。句意：他的动机更加实际和政治化。此处用形容词与political并列作were的表语，故填practical。
（5）that.考查表语从句。句意：在汉代，流行的语言理论认为，使用正确的名称对适当的政府至关重要。此处引导was的表语从句，从句中不缺成分和含义，故填that。
（6）are.考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：现在，关于文字系统及其后代人物，这些都是经典的根源和王权政府的起源。结合句意和now可知，此处用一般现在时，主语为these,谓语动词用复数形式，故填are。
（7）including.考查介词。句意：在《说文》之前，包括《尔雅》和《方言》在内的汉语词典是按语义类别松散组织的有限字表。including表示"包括"，符合句意，故填including。
（8）loosely.考查副词。句意：在《说文》之前，包括《尔雅》和《方言》在内的汉语词典是按语义类别松散组织的有限字表。此处用副词作状语修饰动词organized,故填loosely。
（9）which.考查定语从句。句意：徐慎在《说文解字》中对汉字进行了分析整理，这是对中国文字体系理解的重大创新。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一句话，在从句中作主语，故填which。
（10）length.考查可数名词的单数。句意：该词典有前言和15章，共有9353个字符的词条，加上1163个图形变体，总长度为133441个字符。结合句意和a可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填length。
本文为说明文，主要讲述了《说文解字》是汉代的一部古代汉语词典。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
42.【答案】Myfavouritehobbyisastampcollecting.WhenIwasaschoolboy,Ihavebeencollectingstamps.Thestampsare insixfatbookswhich my ∧mostvaluablethings.Thecollectionincludescertain stampsofsomeforeigncountries.Thereareseveral ofthishobby.Itisinteresting educational.Itischeapanddoesnottakealot∧ spaceorrequireexpensivetools.ThroughcollectingstampsIcantraveltheworldand knowledgeaboutvariouscountries.Inmysparetime,Iusuallysitdownwith collectionofstamps,enjoyingmyself.
详解：
1.去掉a。考查冠词。句意：我最喜欢的爱好是集邮。分析句子可知，此处的stamp collecting为固定搭配，在句子中作is的表语，前面不用不定冠词a。故去掉a。
2.keeping改为kept。考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：当我还是个小学生的时候，我就一直在集邮。分析句子可知，the stamps和keep之间为被动关系，意为"邮票被储存"，所以应该用过去分词kept表被动。故将keeping改为kept。
3.is改为are。考查主谓一致。句意：邮票保存在六本厚书里，这是我最有价值的东西。分析句子可知，此处为定语从句，which指代前面的books,为复数，且句子所用的时态为一般现在时，故be动词应该用are。故将is改为are。
4.在most前加the。考查形容词最高级。句意：邮票保存在六本厚书里，这是我最有价值的东西。分析句子可知，形容词valuable为多音节的单词，其最高级的形式为the most valuable,其中the不可以少。故在most前加the。
5.uniquely改为unique。考查形容词用法。句意：邮票保存在六本厚书里，这是我最有价值的东西。分析句子可知，其中uniquely为副词，不可直接修饰名词stamps,应该改为形容词unique来修饰名词stamps,在句子中作前置定语。故将uniquely改为unique。
6.advantage改为advantages。考查可数名词复数。句意：这种爱好有几个优点。根据前面的"several"意为"几个"，可知，此处应该用可数名词的复数，即advantages,表达的是复数的概念。故将advantage改为advantages。
7.but改为and。考查连词。句意：它很有趣并且具有教育意义。分析句子可知，句子中的形容词"interesting"和"educational"属于并列的关系，在句子中作is的表语。故用并列连词and来连接这两个形容词。故将but改为and。
8.在space前加of。考查固定搭配。分析句子可知，a lot of为固定搭配，意为"很多"。其中a lot of可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词，此处修饰不可数名词space,符合题意。故在space前加上of。
9.learned改为learn。考查情态动词。分析句子可知，其中can为情态动词，后面应接动词原形，故将learned改为learn。
10.our改为my。考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在业余时间，我通常会坐下来收藏邮票，享受自己。分析句子可知，此处应该指的是"我收集的邮票"，所以应该用my,而不是our。故将our改为my。
【解析】本文主要介绍了作者最喜欢的爱好集邮，以及表达了作者对集邮的热爱，可以从集邮中找到乐趣和自我。
短文改错时要注意以下几点：1.快速阅读，整体把握短文大意；2.重视语境以及上下文的关系；3.充分运用基础语言知识找出错误所在。
43.【答案】Be an anti-epidemic volunteerIn order to carry forward the spirit of dedication and improve the students' enthusiasm to fight the epidemic,our class organized ten students to act as anti-epidemic volunteers in the community at the weekend.【高分句型一】（活动的时间、地点）
At the event site,we first make relevant preparations for vaccination,such as setting up tents,setting up tables and chairs,preparing temperature detection instruments,etc.After that,we dispersed at each entrance to measure the temperature of each community member and check their physical condition.Finally,after the event,we helped organize the scene.（活动现场）
Through this activity,I understood the hard work of medical staff and gained many warm memories.I hope you will actively participate in volunteer activities.【高分句型二】（号召广大中学生积极参与志愿者活动）
【解析】高分句型一：In order to carry forward the spirit of dedication and improve the students' enthusiasm to fight the epidemic,our class organized ten students to act as anti-epidemic volunteers in the community at the weekend.
翻译：为了发扬奉献精神，提高学生抗击疫情的积极性，我们班在周末组织了10名学生在社区担任防疫志愿者。
分析：本句使用了In order to carry forward the spirit of dedication and improve the students' enthusiasm to fight the epidemic作目的状语。
高分句型二：I hope you will actively participate in volunteer activities.
翻译：我希望你们能积极参加志愿者活动。
分析：本句使用了hope后省略that的宾语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。