2022年广西柳州市融水中学高考英语模拟试卷（5月份）
A
Great Albums Golden Hour
By Kacey Musgraves
Price： ﹩10.49
It's no surprise that many people forecast Golden Hour will be one of the best country albums of the 2010s.Country music superstar Musgraves makes listeners feel like she is speaking directly to them,thanks to her honesty and attention to detail.Although Musgraves is famous for her clever wordplay and humorous expressions about small-town life,she says she likes more direct songwriting.
Honky Tonk Time Machine
By George Strait
Price： ﹩11.49
Honky Tonk Time Machine is a successful return for the best country music singer of all time.Radio stations often play it.Though you can listen to this album at home,the cover is a good enough reason for owning the album.The album is a must for fans of George or true country music.
Stronger Than the Truth
By Reba McEntire
Price： ﹩9.49
If you are a country music fan,then this album is for you.There is something for everyone on this album.As the Queen of love songs,McEntire has some beautiful songs and she sings them to perfection.This may be her best country album to date.
Under Pressure
By Logic
Price： ﹩9.49
On this album,the American rap singer talks about his growth.Under Pressure is a how of Logic's life,his new fame,and most importantly,his family.Although Logic shows his skillful flow on this album,what makes it really special is the autobiographical （自传的） detail.The album is actually a successful project for a guy who worked hard.
1.What do we know about Kacey Musgraves？ ______
A. She often talks with her fans face to face.
B. She cares about detail in golden hour.
C. She is the best songwriter in the 2010s.
D. She likes writing in small towns.
2.Whose music style is different from the other three？ ______
A. Kacey Musgraves. B. George Strait.
C. Reba McEntire. D. Logic.
3.Which album is the most expensive？ ______
A. Golden Hour. B. Stronger Than the Truth.
C. Honky Tonk Time Machine. D. Under Pressure.
B
The 47-year-old mum has donated a kidney（肾） to a stranger and part of her liver（肝）to a sick little boy.Sue is even trying to give away a lung.which would make her the only living person in the world to have made so many selfless donations.She said："To be able to give someone their life back is fantastic.At the moment,giving a lung isn't possible in this country,but I'd love to do it."
Sue's first donation was the kidney in 2001.She explained："You don't need two kidneys.A lot of people are born with only one.Why not give one to someone who needs it？" But at that time it was illegal here to give an organ to a stranger.So Sue from Dulwich,south London who accepts only travel and living expenses,posted an internet ad saying："Free kidney.no conditions attached."
Larry Rosenfield from Colorado in the US answered the ad.He was 60，suffering from a kidney disease and time was running out.After establishing she was a match for Larry,Sue flew to the US. "The Colorado hospitals wouldn't accept me because it was the time of mad cow disease,so Larry found a hospital in Wisconsin that would do the operation." Larry is now 73 and leading a full and active life.
Now Sue would like to donate a lung.In 2006，selfless donations became legal in the UK but not for lung donations so she's planning to go to America again.
And she insists her husband Roland,51，and their 19-year-old son Daniel back her all the way.She said："Some of my friends don't understand but.I'll never regret it.It's about changing lives.It's a great feeling."
4.What made Sue donate her organs？ ______
A. Saving one's life. B. Trying to be famous.
C. Needing living expenses. D. Removing useless organs.
5.How did Sue help Larry？ ______
A. She found a hospital for him.
B. She donated a kidney to him.
C. She answered his advertisement.
D. She advertised his kidney online.
6.Which word best describes Sue's attitude to her organ donations？ ______
A. Critical. B. Conservative. C. Regretful. D. Proud.
7.In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？ ______
A. Health. B. Science.
C. Real life stories. D. Entertainment.
C
Babies are surrounded by human language,always listening and processing.Eventually,they put sounds together to produce a "Daddy" or a "Mama".But what still confuses neuroscientists is exactly how the brain works to put it all together.
To figure it out,a team of researchers turned to a frequent stand-in （代替）for babies when it comes to language learning：the song-learning zebra finch. "We've known songbirds learn their song by first forming a memory of their father's song or another adult's song.Then they use that memory to guide their song learning," said Neuroscientist Todd Roberts. "It's been a long-term goal of the field to figure out how or where in the brain this memory is.This type of imitative learning that birds do is very similar to the type of learning that we engage in regularly-particularly when we're young,we use to guide our speech learning."
Roberts and his team had a feeling that the interface（交叉区域）between sensory areas and motor areas in the brain was critical for this process,and they focused on a group of brain cells called the NIf.
"In order to prove that we could identify these circuits,we thought if we could implant a false memory." First,they used a virus to cause the neurons（神经元）in the birds' NIf to become sensitive to light.Then,using a tiny electrode as a flashlight,they activated （激活） the neurons.The length of each pulse of light corresponded with the amount of time the neurons would fire.And the birds' brains interpreted that time period as the length of each note.
Soon enough,the birds began to practice the notes they had learned,even though they never really heard the sounds.Amazingly,the birds produced them in the correct social situations.The researchers say this is the first time anybody has found exactly a part of the brain necessary for generating the sorts of memories needed to copy sounds.
"This line of research is going to help us identify where in the brain we encode memories of relevant social experiences that we use to guide learning.We know that there are several neurodevelopmental disorders in people that have really far-reaching effects on this type of learning."
8.The zebra finch is researched because its song-learning mode ______ .
A. decides whether it will sing songs
B. helps it to say "Daddy" or "Mama"
C. is like the way babies learn speech
D. reflects its talent for imitating its father's song
9.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to？ ______
A. The interface in the brain.
B. Guidance from adults.
C. The way of regular learning.
D. Imitative learning type like birds'.
10.What can we learn from the research led by Roberts？ ______
A. Scientists activated some neurons by using an electrode.
B. A bird only sings what it heard before.
C. The brain produces tiny electrodes.
D. Birds are sensitive to light.
11.What do the Roberts' team expect of this line of research？ ______
A. A change in our way of listening and processing.
B. A chance to have relevant social experiences.
C. A better knowledge of the secrets of learning.
D. Identification of neurodevelopmental disorders.
D
A robot created by Washington State University（WSU） scientists could help elderly people with dementia（痴呆） and other limitations live independently in their own homes.
The Robot Activity Support System,or RAS，uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are,what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities.It navigates（定位） through rooms and around obstacles to find people on its own,provides video instructions on how to do simple tasks and can even lead its owner to objects like their medication or a snack in the kitchen.
"RAS combines the convenience of a mobile robot with the activity detection technology of a WSU smart home to provide assistance in the moment,as the need for help is detected," said Bryan Minor,a postdoctoral researcher in the WSU School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
Currently,an estimated 50 percent of adults over the age of 85 need assistance with every day activities such as preparing meals and taking medication and the annual cost for this assistance in the US is nearly﹩2 trillion.With the number of adults over 85 expected to triple by 2050，researchers hope that technologies like RAS and the WSU smart home will relieve some of the financial strain on the healthcare system by making it easier for older adults to live alone.
RAS is the first robot researchers have tried to incorporate into their smart home environment.They recently published a study in the journal Cognitive Systems Research that demonstrates how RAS could make life easier for older adults struggling to live independently.
"While we are still in an early stage of development,our initial results with RAS have been promising," Minor said. "The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts,video reminders and other preferences they have regarding the robot."
12.How does RAS serve elderly people？ ______
A. Through sensors.
B. Through objects.
C. Through a mobile robot.
D. Through their daily activities.
13.What can we know about RAS？ ______
A. It is the first robot used in daily life.
B. It can cook for owners on its own.
C. It can locate people and do any task.
D. Its function remains to be tested.
14.What's Minor's attitude toward the future of RAS？ ______
A. Doubtful. B. Negative. C. Optimistic. D. Uncertain.
15.What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______
A. Elderly people leave the nursing home.
B. Smart Home Tests first elder-Care robot.
C. RAS，the first robot to make home smart.
D. Older adults have benefited from RAS.
Tracking Your Life Sometimes we don't realize we have a problem until we see the facts. (1) Here are some essential things in your life you should track.
Money is limited,so you should track your personal finance to use money wisely.Many people aren't aware that they have a financial problem until everything is too late.Or perhaps they're aware,but they don't know how it happened. (2) That's why you should take notes of your income and expenses so that you can take necessary action.
Have you ever had days when you wondered why you had accomplished so little？That's one reason why you need to track your time so that you may know where your time went.
(3) For example,you can create a time log（日志）where you record all your activities during the day along with the time and duration. (4) A simpler way is to just track how many productive sessions you have in a day.Or,you can track your time indirectly by tracking your goals for the day.If you achieve your desired goals,then you know that you've used your time productively.
(5) Do you have a good habit that you want to build or a bad habit that you want to break？You may do this by tracking your habits.
You can do it simply by taking notes of how many times you do the habit in a certain period of time.You can then see how your score is for that period of time.With a good habit,the goal is to maximize the score while with a bad habit the goal is to minimize it.
A.There are many ways to do this.
B.This could be burdensome,though.
C.Consequently,they have no idea how to solve it.
D.That's why tracking your life is always so important.
E.Habits have a big effect on how you reach your goal.
F.Yet they manage their money regardless of what happens.
G.Sometimes,developing your personal habits can make a beneficial change.
16.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Howard walked across the vast desert planning to walk through it for one month.Twenty(21) passed,the journey had been so(22)and it seemed that he had enough food and water to finish it.
"I'll be able to walk out of this(23)，" he thought gladly.But the desert(24)cared for travelers.(25)this idea could disappear,the sandstorm had arrived suddenly.He hurriedly(26) his head with the clothes,lying on the sand.After about ten minutes,the sandstorm stopped.When he shook the clothes and stood up,he found a horrible thing；the back bag(27)with food and water was swept away by the(28).
Now,he only had a（n）(29)left.He held it in his hands tightly. "Oh,not too bad,(30)I have a pear," he thought(31)himself,determined to walk out of the desert.
One day and one night passed quickly ，but the desert still seemed to have no end,and hunger,thirst and(32)of death followed Howard closely.(33)，each time he wanted to(34)，he forced himself to stare at the pear that he had been(35)："Not too bad,at least I have a pear."
A small pear became the(36)for his survival and the source of his courage.Three days later,(37)he saw a village not far away,he fell onto the ground,but after all,he walked out of the desert and(38)as well.
To keep hope is one of the best ways to achieve(39)，so never tell you "(40)left," because as long as you try to search,you can always find that "pear" to pull you through.
21.A. years B. months C. weeks D. days
22.A. smooth B. hopeless C. impossible D. terrible
23.A. forest B. desert C. garden D. village
24.A. once B. ever C. never D. always
25.A. Before B. After C. When D. Since
26.A. sewed B. covered C. matched D. cleaned
27.A. tied B. put C. pulled D. equipped
28.A. rain B. fog C. sandstorm D. snowstorm
29.A. apple B. pear C. orange D. banana
30.A. at most B. at least C. on time D. on purpose
31.A. to B. on C. of D. about
32.A. fear B. joy C. shock D. excitement
33.A. Altogether B. Besides C. Therefore D. However
34.A. stand up B. look up C. give up D. put up
35.A. eating B. cooking C. watching D. keeping
36.A. sadness B. injury C. hope D. interest
37.A. when B. until C. while D. if
38.A. died B. survived C. breathed D. coughed
39.A. success B. failure C. agreement D. experience
40.A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
41.Last week,100 restaurants across Shanghai supported the use of serving utensils （器具），as it is a key point for the control and（1）______（prevent） of the COVID-19.
Chinese people often eat together and share their dishes（2）______others.The new system suggests adding separate chopsticks and spoons for（3）______（serve） when people dine together.Such a change of etiquette （礼仪）（4）______（allow） diners to avoid using their own chopsticks to pick food from the plates and therefore （5）______（great） reduces the chances of spread of many diseases.
Many restaurants（6）______（adopt） the policy after the Municipal Office for Civilized Society published the suggestion,（7）______also encourages the public to use separate utensils for shared food at home.
According to Qu Qi,a person in charge of a restaurant in Xuhui district,a sign（8）______（put）up on the tables to inform people of the importance of using serving utensils since the start of business on February 21.The waiters and waitresses are also trained to supply a separate spoon or pair of chopsticks for the liners.So far,（9）______service has been well accepted by the majority of the public.
This will be a long term measure.In the future,each diner on the table will have（10）______（they）own serving chopsticks and spoons so as to prevent sharing of any manner of viruses and bacteria.
42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
John went shopping in a store,and he forgot to bring a bag.So he buys a shopping bag.After arriving home,it occurred him that he could make a bag by using his old trousers.Several hours late,he made himself a very nice bag.His mother was amazing at what he had done.Avoiding spending money unnecessarily is a way of saving.And making a good use of things is an approach to protect the environment.What's more,it is helpful for you to improve the ability to make thing by hand.It not only brings us pleasure but reduce waste around us.
假定你是李华，母亲节临近，你校外籍教师Peter打算邮寄给母亲可以代表中国文化特色的礼物。请你给他写一封邮件，向他推荐礼物。内容包括：
1.推荐礼物；
2.推荐原因；
3.表达祝福；
注意：
1.写作词数应为100左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）B．细节理解题。根据文章 Golden Hour- By Kacey Musgraves介绍内容，Country music superstar Musgraves makes listeners feel like she is speaking directly to them,thanks to her honesty and attention to detail.（乡村音乐巨星穆斯格雷夫斯（Musgraves）的诚实和对细节的让听众觉得她是在直接和他们说话。）可知，Kacey Musgraves在唱片Golden Hour里非常注重细节，结合选项，故选B。
（2）D．细节理解题。根据文章Golden Hour-It's no surprise that many people forecast Golden Hour will be one of the best country albums of the 2010s.（不足为奇的是，许多人预测《黄金时刻》将是21世纪10年代最好的乡村专辑之一）；Honky Tonk Time MachineThe album is a must for fans of George or true country music.（这张专辑是乔治或真正乡村音乐爱好者的必备之作）；Stronger Than the Truth-If you are a country music fan,then this album is for you.（如果你是一个乡村音乐迷，那么这张专辑非常适合你）；Under Pressure- On this album,the American rap singer talks about his growth.（在这张专辑中，这位美国说唱歌手谈到了他的成长）。可知，这4张专辑里只有Under Pressure是说唱风格的，其它三个都是乡村音乐风格，其创作人为Logic,结合选项，故选D。
（3）C．推理判断题。根据文章Golden Hour-Price：﹩10.49（Golden Hour价格：10.49美元）；Honky Tonk Time Machine-Price：﹩11.49（Honky Tonk Time Machine价格：11.49美元）；Stronger Than the Truth-Price：﹩9.49（Stronger Than the Truth价格：9.49美元）；Under Pressure-Price：﹩9.49（Under Pressure价格：9.49美元）。可知，这4张专辑中价格最高的是Honky Tonk Time Machine,结合选项，故选C。
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了四个非常优秀的专辑以及其制作人。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、D、C
【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据第一段中的To be able to give someone their life back is fantastic. （能够让别人重新过上他们的生活真是太棒了。）可知，Sue捐赠器官是为了拯救别人的生活。故选A。
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段中的So Sue from Dulwich,south London who accepts only travel and living expenses,posted an internet ad saying："Free kidney.no conditions attached. （因此，来自伦敦南部达利奇的苏只接受旅行和生活费，她在网上发布了一则广告："免费肾。没有附加条件。）以及第三段"Larry Rosenfield from Colorado in the US answered the ad. （来自美国科罗拉多州的拉里?罗森菲尔德应征了这则广告。）可知，Sue为Larry捐赠了自己的肾。故选B。
（3）D.观点态度题。根据最后一段中的I'll never regret it.It's about changing lives.It's a great feeling. （我永远不会后悔。它是改变生活的。这种感觉很棒。）可知，Sue对于捐赠器官这件事是自豪的。结合选项A.Critical批评的；B.Conservative保守的；C.Regretful后悔的；D.Proud骄傲的，自豪的。故选D。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据第一段中的The 47-year-old mum has donated a kidney to a stranger and part of her liver to a sick little boy.Sue is even trying to give away a lung. （这位47岁的，母亲将自己的肾脏捐给了一位陌生人，并将部分肝脏捐给了一个生病的小男孩。）"及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍Sue的故事，为真人真事。所以推断，本文最有可能出现在报纸的"真实生活故事"的部分。结合选项A.Health健康；B.Science科学；C.Real life stories??真实的生活故事；D.Entertainment娱乐。故选C。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位47岁的母亲为了拯救别人的生活捐赠器官的故事。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】C、C、A、C
【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二自然段中This type of imitative learning that birds do is very similar to the type of learning that we engage in regularly-particularly when we're young（鸟类的这种模仿学习与我们经常使用的学习方式非常相似——尤其是我们小的时候）可知zebra finch的声音学习与婴儿的语言学习方式相似，所以要研究它们。故选C。
（2）C.词句猜测题。根据上文可知这里的it指代上文中的This type of imitative learning（这种模仿学习），而This type of imitative learning又指的是上文We've known songbirds learn their song by first forming a memory of their father's song or another adult's song.Then they use that memory to guide their song learning（我们知道鸣禽是通过记忆父亲或其他成年鸟的歌声来学习鸣叫的。然后它们利用这些记忆来指导自己学习唱歌）中"通过记忆父亲或其他成年鸟的歌声来学习"这种学习方式。故选C项。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据第四自然段中"Then,using a tiny electrode as a flashlight,they activated（激活）the neurons."（然后，他们用一个小电极作为手电筒，激活神经元。）可知科学家用小电极激活了神经元。故选A。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据第六自然段中This line of research is going to help us identify where in the brain we encode memories of relevant social experiences that we use to guide learning.（这个研究方向将帮助我们识别我们在大脑的哪个部分对记忆进行编码，我们可以用这些与社会体验相关的记忆来学习。）可推断该研究可以解码与学习相关的大脑奥秘，从而帮助我们了解学习的秘密。故选C。
本文是说明文，介绍了科学家通过研究珍珠鸟的声音学习方式来解密人类语言学习奥秘的研究。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
12~15.【答案】A、D、C、B
【解析】（1）A．细节理解题。根据文章第二段The Robot Activity Support System,or RAS，uses sensors installed in a WSU smart home to determine where its residents are,what they are doing and when they need assistance with daily activities.（机器人活动支持系统（RAS）使用安装在WSU智能家居中的传感器来确定其居民在哪里、他们在做什么以及他们在日常活动中需要帮助的时间。）可知RAS通过传感器为老年人服务。故选A项。
（2）D．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance with a group of older adults to get a better idea of what prompts（这项研究的下一步将是与一组老年人一起测试RAS的表现，以便更好地了解是什么提示了RAS。）可知RAS的功能还有待测试。故选D项。
（3）C．情感态度题。根据文章最后一段While we are still in an early stage of development,our initial results with RAS have been promising虽然我们仍处于开发的早期阶段，但我们在RAS方面的初步结果是有希望的。可知Minor对这款机器人的未来发展充满信心、非常乐观。A.Doubtful.怀疑的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Optimistic.乐观的；D.Uncertain.不确定的。故选C项。
（4）B．标题判断题。文章介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人。由最后一段中The next step in the research will be to test RAS' performance 这项研究的下一步将是与一组老年人一起测试RAS的表现。可知选项B.SmartHomeTestsfirstelder-Carerobot.（智能家居测试首个老年护理机器人。）是最好的标题，故选B项。
本文介绍了一款由美国华盛顿州立大学的科学家们研发的机器人，可以帮助那些痴呆或有身体缺陷的老年人在家里过上自立的生活。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】D、C、A、B、E
【解析】（1）D.推理判断题。根据上文Sometimes we don't realize we have a problem until we see the facts.????????????（有时我们直到看到事实才意识到我们有问题。）以及下文Here are some essential things in your life you should track.??????????（以下是你生活中一些重要的事情。）可知D选项"这就是为什么跟踪你的生活总是那么重要。"意思相符，故选D。
（2）C.推理判断题。根据上文Or perhaps they're aware,but they don't know how it happened.?????????（或者他们知道，但不知道是怎么发生的。）以及下文That's why you should take notes of your income and expenses so that you can take necessary action.?????????????????这（就是为什么你应该记下你的收入和支出，这样你就可以采取必要的行动。）可知C选项"因此，他们不知道如何解决这个问题。"意思相符，故选C。
（3）A.联系下文题。根据下文For example,you can create a time log??????（日志）where you record all your activities during the day along with the time and duration.??????????????（例如，您可以创建一个时间日志，记录一天中的所有活动以及时间和持续时间。）可知A选项"有很多方法可以做到这一点。"意思相符，故选A。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据上文For example,you can create a time log??????（日志）where you record all your activities during the day along with the time and duration.??????????????（例如，您可以创建一个时间日志，记录一天中的所有活动以及时间和持续时间。）以及下文A simpler way is to just track how many productive sessions you have in a day.Or,you can track your time indirectly by tracking your goals for the day.???????????????????????????（一个更简单的方法是只跟踪你一天中有多少富有成效的会议。或者，你可以通过跟踪当天的目标来间接地跟踪你的时间。）可知B选项"不过，这可能是个负担。"意思相符，故选B。
（5）E.段落大意题。根据本段内容Do you have a good habit that you want to build or a bad habit that you want to break???????????????????？You may do this by tracking your habits.???????（你有一个好习惯，你想建立或坏习惯，你想打破？你可以通过跟踪你的习惯来做到这一点。）可知E选项"习惯对你如何达到目标有很大的影响。"意思相符，故选E。
本文讲述怎么追踪你的生活以及其好处。
七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~40.【答案】D、A、B、C、A、B、D、C、B、B、A、A、D、C、D、C、A、B、A、D
【解析】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.years年；B.months月；C.weeks星期；D.days天。根据上文中提到…for one month,可知此处表示"二十天过去了"，故答案为D项。
（2）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.smooth平滑的，顺利的；B.hopeless没有希望的；C.impossible不可能的；D.terrible可怕的。根据下文itseemedthathehadenoughfoodandwatertofinishit.可知二十天过去了，旅行很顺利，smooth"顺利的，平滑的"，故答案为A项。
（3）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.forest森林；B.desert沙漠；C.garden花园；D.village村庄。根据上文Howardwalkedacrossthevastdesertplanningtowalkthroughitforonemonth可知Howard是打算徒步走出沙漠。故答案为B项。
（4）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.once曾经；B.ever曾经；C.never从不；D.always总是。根据But以及下文thesandstormhadarrivedsuddenly可知此处表示沙漠并不喜欢游客，因此用never。故答案为C项。
（5）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.Before在……之前；B.After在……之后；C.When当；D.Since自从。根据下文thisideacoulddisappear,thesandstormhadarrivedsuddenly可知此处表达的是他的想法还没有消失，这时沙尘暴突然到来，因此选before"还没来得及…就…"。故答案为A项。
（6）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.sewed缝制；B.covered覆盖；C.matched匹配；D.cleaned打扫。根据常识及下文hisheadwiththeclothes,lyingonthesand可知，此处意为"他用衣服盖住头"。故答案为B项。
（7）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.tied系上；B.put放；C.pulled拉拽；D.equipped装备，配备。根据分析此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，bag与equip为被动关系。故答案为D项。
（8）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.rain雨；B.fog雾；C.sandstorm沙尘暴；D.snowstorm暴风雪。根据上文thesandstormhadarrivedsuddenly可知此处作者的食物和水是被沙尘暴卷走的。故答案为C项。
（9）B.考查名词及语境理解。A.apple苹果；B.pear梨；C.orange橙子；D.banana香蕉。根据下文Ihaveapear可知他只剩下了一个梨。故答案为B项。
（10）B.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.at most至多；B.at least至少；C.on time按时；D.on purpose故意。根据下文Nottoobad,atleastIhaveapear.可知事情并不很糟糕，至少还有一个梨。故答案为B项。
（11）A.考查介词及语境理解。A.to朝向；B.on在……之上；C.of……的；D.about关于。sb.thinks to oneself.意思是某人自己想到。故答案为A项。
（12）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.fear恐惧；B.joy高兴；C.shock震惊；D.excitement兴奋。根据上文Onedayandonenightpassedquickly,butthedesertstillseemedtohavenoend,andhunger,thirst可知此处表达的是饥饿，口渴以及死亡的恐惧接踵而至，因此此处表示"死亡的恐惧"。故答案为A项。
（13）D.考查副词及语境理解。A.Altogether总共；B.Besides而且，此外；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。然而，每当他想放弃的时候，他就迫使自己盯着那个他一直保存的梨。此处表示转折，however"然而"。故答案为D项。
（14）C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.stand up站起来；B.look up查阅，仰望，敬仰；C.give up放弃；D.put up张贴，留宿。根据下文heforcedhimselftostareatthepear可知此处表达的意思是每当他想放弃的时候，他就迫使自己盯着那个他一直保存的梨。故答案为C项。
（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.eating吃；B.cooking做饭；C.watching观看；D.keeping 保持，保存。根据下文Tokeephopeisoneofthebestwaystoachieve可知作者一直保存着这个梨，因此答案选keep"保持，保存"。故答案为D项。
（16）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.sadness悲伤；B.injury伤害；C.hope希望；D.interest兴趣。根据下文Tokeephopeisoneofthebestwaystoachieve可知作者把这个梨当成了他生存的希望。故答案为C项。
（17）A.考查连词及语境理解。A.when当…时候；B.until直到；C.while当…时候；D.if如果。根据下文hesawavillagenotfaraway,hefellontotheground可知当他看到不远处的一个村子是，他摔倒在地上。故答案为A项。
（18）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.died死亡；B.survived幸存，生存；C.breathed呼吸；D.coughed咳嗽。根据上文forhissurvivalandthesourceofhiscourage可知作者不仅走出了沙漠，还幸存了下来。故答案为B项。
（19）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.success成功；B.failure失败；C.agreement同意；D.experience经验，经历。根据上文Tokeephopeisoneofthebestwaystoachieve可知，心存希望是取得成功的最好的方法。故答案为A项。
（20）D.考查不定代词及语境理解。A.everything一切；B.anything任何事物；C.something某物；D.nothing没有。根据下文becauseaslongasyoutrytosearch,youcanalwaysfindthat"pear"topullyouthrough.可知不要告诉你"什么都没有剩下"。故答案为D项。
本文讲的是Howard计划在一个月内徒步走出沙漠，二十多天过去了，旅行很顺利，并且他还有足够的食物和水能够完成计划。然而，突然出现的沙尘暴把他的食物卷走了，只剩下一个梨，他把梨紧紧握在手里。他认为这并不算糟糕，因为至少还有一个梨，因此每当他想放弃的时候他就会想起梨来，这让他最终完成了他的计划。这件事告诉我们，当我们在前进的道路上遇到困难时我们要想到希望，这样我们最终会取得成功。
完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。
41.【答案】prevention
【解析】（1）prevention.考查不可数名词。句意：这是控制和阻止新冠肺炎的重要一点。空前的连词and连接的是两个由定冠词the修饰的名词，故此处用所给词的名词形式。prevention是不可数名词，故填prevention。
.（2）with.考查介词。句意：中国人通常在一块吃饭，并共同享用菜肴。固定短语share sb.with sth.译为"和某人分享某物"。故填with。
（3）serving.考查动名词。句意：新的制度建议，在人们一起进餐的时候增加分开的筷子和勺子。根据空格前的介词for可知，此处填入动名词作宾语。故填serving。
（4）allows.考查时态。句意：这样一种礼仪上的变化允许就餐者避免用自己的筷子从盘子里夹菜，因此，极大地减少了疾病的传播。本句的主语是achange，谓语动词是allow,根据前后文都是一般现在时，本句也用一般现在时，所以用第三人称单数形式。答案是allows,故填to avoid。
（5）greatly.考查副词。句意：这样一种礼仪上的变化允许就餐者避免用自己的筷子从盘子里夹菜，因此，极大地减少了疾病的传播。修饰动词reduces要用副词。故填greatly。
（6）adopted.考查动词时态。句意：很多饭店在市文明社会办公室公布这一建议之后采用了这项政策，这也鼓励公众在家里分享食物的时候使用分开的器具。根据句中after引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词published可知，句子陈述过去的事实需要用一般过去时。主语many restaurants和谓语动词adopt是主动关系。故填adopted。
（7）which.考查定语从句。句意：很多饭店在市文明社会办公室公布这一建议之后采用了这项政策，这也鼓励公众在家里分享食物的时候使用分开的器具。分析句子结构可知，此句为定语从句。先行词为suggestion（建议）为物在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（8）has been put.考查动词时态及语态。句意：根据负责徐汇区一家饭店的屈奇所说，从2月21号开始营业以来，一个标志牌已经被摆放在桌子上来告知人们使用餐具的重要性。根据句中的"since the start of business on February 21"可知，句子要用现在完成时。主语a sign是单数并且与谓语动词put之间为被动关系。故填has been put。
（9）the.考查冠词。句意：到目前为止，这项服务被大部分公众所接受。根据句意可知，此处特指上文所提到的"提供公共餐具的这种服务"，故用定冠词。故填the。
（10）their.考查代词。句意：今后，餐桌上的每一位用餐者都将有自己的筷子和勺子，以防止任何形式的病毒和细菌的共享。根据空格后的名词chopsticks可知，此处需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词。故填their。
本文是一篇新闻报道。在目前新型冠状病毒疫情防控形势下，上海100家餐馆倡议在就餐时使用公筷公勺。公筷公勺最大的好处是能减少交叉污染、减少病从口入。
语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词，非谓语等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
42.【答案】Johnwentshoppinginastore, heforgottobringabag.Sohe ashoppingbag.Afterarrivinghome,itoccurred∧himthathecouldmakeabagbyusinghisoldtrousers.Severalhours ，hemadehimselfaverynicebag.Hismotherwas atwhathehaddone.Avoidingspendingmoneyunnecessarilyisawayofsaving.Andmakingagooduseofthingsisanapproachto theenvironment.What'smore,itishelpfulfor toimprovetheabilitytomake byhand.Itnotonlybringsuspleasurebut wastearoundus.
【详解】
（1）and改为but.考查并列连词。句意：约翰去商店买东西，但他忘了带一个包。根据句意可知，前后是转折关系，故把and改成but。
（2）buys改为bought.考查时态。句意：所以他买了一个包。此处指过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，故把buys改成bought。
（3）occurred后加to.考查固定句式。句意：到家后，他突然想到，他可以用他的旧裤子做一个袋子。固定句式：It occurred to sb.that...，意为"某人突然想起......"。故在occurred后加to。
（4）late改为later.考查副词。句意：几小时之后，他为自己做了一个非常不错的包。形容词late,意为"迟的"；副词later,意为"以后"，根据句意可知，此处指几小时之后，故把late改成later。
（5）amazing改为amazed.考查形容词。句意：他的妈妈对他所做的事感到惊讶。形容词amazing,意为"令人惊讶的"，表示事物的性质；形容词amazed"感到惊讶的"，表示人的感受，结合句意，此处指他的妈妈感到惊讶，故把amazing改成amazed。
（6）make a good use of删除a.考查冠词。句意：利用好东西也是保护环境的途径之一。这里使用短语make good use of,意为"好好利用"，不需要冠词。故删掉good前的a。
（7）protect改为protecting.考查动名词。句意：利用好东西也是保护环境的途径之一。an approach to意为"……的方法、途径"，其中to是介词，后接动词要用动名词形式。故把protect改为protecting。
（8）you改为us.考查代词。句意：另外，它有助于我们提高手工制作东西的能力。根据后文Itnotonlybringsuspleasurebut__wastearoundus.可知此处应该用第一人称，故把you改为us。
（9）thing改为things.考查名词复数。句意：另外，它有助于我们提高手工制作东西的能力。thing"东西"为可数名词，结合上文"And making ...things is an"可知，此处用复数含义，故thing改为things。
（10）reduce改为reduces.考查主谓一致。句意：它不仅给我们带来快乐，而且减少了我们周围的浪费。句子是一般现在时态，描述一个客观的事实，主语是it,第三人称单数形式，此处bring 和reduce是并列关系。故把reduce改成reduces。
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。John用旧裤子为自己做包，这是一种环保行为，它不仅给我们带来了快乐，而且也减少了周围的垃圾。
短文改错考查涉及面广，但却有所侧重。考查点测试频率最高的是动词，涉及动词考查的有时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、情态动词和动词的用法等。此外还考查名词、介词、代词、冠词、形容词、副词、连词等，还涉及到句型结构、行文逻辑、固定搭配等。
43.【答案】Dear Peter,
Knowing that you want to buy some gifts for your mother that represent Chinese culture,I am writing to give you some advice.【高分句型一】（写信目的）
Personally,I think you should buy the following two gifts：Qipao and Chinese knot.（推荐礼物）Qipao,a very beautiful traditional dress for Chinese women,can show the real beauty of a woman.I am sure your mother will like it very much.（推荐旗袍的原因）What's more,it is also a good choice for you to buy the Chinese knot.It is usually hung in the sitting room or cars,which represents good luck.【高分句型二】（推荐中国结的原因）
Wish you a good vacation.Please give my best wishes to your family.（表达祝福）
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：Knowing that you want to buy some gifts for your mother that represent Chinese culture,I am writing to give you some advice.
翻译：知道你想给你母亲买一些代表中国文化的礼物，我写信是想给你一些建议。
分析：本句使用了that引导的定语从句。
高分句型二：It is usually hung in the sitting room or cars,which represents good luck.
翻译：它通常挂在客厅或汽车里，代表好运。
分析：本句使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。