情分析
语法填空经常考查介词、介词短语，涉及的主要是固定搭配里的介词。在备考时，考生应掌握介词的基本用法、常用介词短语的含义以及含介词的动词短语搭配。数词主要考查基数词和序数词的用法，在语法填空中虽然考查频率不高，但备考时也不能忽视。
一、真题感悟
1.(2021年全国甲卷·62)It was built originally to protect the city _______ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
答案：in
解析：考查介词。in the Tang dynasty在唐朝。
2.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·64) Oranges:Orange trees are more _______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.
答案：than
解析：考查介词。因more than为固定搭配，其后接名词，意为“不仅仅是”。句意为：橘子树不仅仅是装饰；它们是好运和财富的象征。
3.(2021年全国甲卷改错) One of the questions is: Who will you go in times of trouble?
答案：在go后加to
解析：考查介词。因go为不及物动词，不可直接接宾语，故在go后加to。
4.(2017全国Ⅰ卷改错) In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.
答案：eighteenth
解析：考查序数词。根据句意“在我18岁生日后的暑假……”可知，表达生日应用序数词eighteenth。
5.(2021年联考题) He is the _______ (five) person to ask me the same question.
答案：fifth
解析：考查序数词。根据句意“他是第五个问我相同问题的人”，应用序数词fifth。
二、真题再练
单句语法填空
1.(2021年全国乙卷·64) It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _______ the late 1980s.
2.(2021年全国乙卷·66)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types _______ trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
3.(2020年全国Ⅱ卷·67) Bamboo plants are associated _______ health, abundance and a happy home.
4.(2020年全国Ⅲ卷·70) The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatestartist _______ Earth,Mother Nature.
5.(2019年全国Ⅲ卷·63) We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _______ dogs, seven to be exact.
6.(2018年全国Ⅲ卷·67)I was searching _______ these three western lowland gorillas I’d …
7.(2017全国Ⅰ卷·61) This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) _______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects…
8.(2017全国Ⅱ卷·62) The first underground passenger railway allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _______ work.
9.(2017全国Ⅲ卷·68) After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree _______ engineering or architecture.
10.(2016全国Ⅰ卷·64) But my connection with pandas goes back _______ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s…
11.(2016全国Ⅱ卷·64) Most of us are more focused _______ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.
12.(2016全国Ⅲ卷·70) In India, for example, most people traditionally eat _______ their hands.
13.(2015全国Ⅰ卷·66) For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away _______ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.
14.(2021联考题) However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongsstill occupy one _______ (three) of the total area, providing housing for half of the population.
15.(2021联考题)What they learnt helped them make _______ first airplane flight in 1903.
【参考答案】
1. until考查介词。句中考查了not...until...（直到……才……）句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。
2. of考查介词。various types of为固定搭配，意思是“各种类型的”。
3. with考查介词。be associated with...为固定搭配，意为“与……有关联的”。句意为：竹子寓意健康、富足和家庭幸福。
4. on考查介词。on Earth为固定搭配，意为“在世界上”。句意为：这位画家终于在世界上最伟大的画家“大自然”面前感到了谦卑。
5. of考查介词。a pack of为固定搭配，意为“一群”。
6. for考查介词。search for为固定搭配，意为“搜寻”。
7. as考查介词。表示“作为”一种方法。
8. from考查介词。to and from是固定搭配，表示“往返，来回”，to and from work意为“上下班”。
9. in考查介词。表示“某方面的学位”用介词in。如：take/get a degree in law获得法律学位。
10. to考查介词。go back to为固定搭配，意为“追溯到”。
11. on考查介词。be focused on为固定搭配，意为“集中精力于”。
12. with考查介词。表示“用”应用介词with。
13. by考查介词。指乘车一个小时的路程。表示交通方式的“乘；坐”用介词by，如：by boat/bus/car/plane乘船/公共汽车/小汽车/飞机，by air/land/sea航空/陆路/航海。
14. third 考查序数词。根据句意“胡同占三分之一的面积……”可知，表分数用序数词third。
15. the 考查序数词和冠词。根据句意“他们学习的东西帮助他们在1903年成功进行了第一次飞行”可知，序数词前用定冠词the修饰。
