2021-2022学年吉林省延边州高一（下）开学英语试卷
A
A Volunteer Program in Arusha
Being a part of the volunteer program in Arusha,you will meet some interesting and like-minded travelers from all over the world and work for the poor kids living in and Arusha.Besides,if you want to enjoy the beauty of Africa and camp in the wild,this program will be perfect for you.
Plans：
Day 1---you'll reach Kilimanjaro International Airport and then the volunteer house in Arusha.
Day2---Your program organizer will give you all the local transport,laces of interest,restaurants,culture,customs,and your program plans and activities.
Day 3 to Day 6---Volunerrr in Arusha（Teaching kids）.
Day 7 to Day 9---Go on a 3-day camping trip to Tarangire National Park.
Day 10 to Day 13--Volunreering continues in Arusha.
Day 14---This day is free to relax.\
Meals：
Breakfast and dinner are at the volunteer house while lunch is usually packed forr you to eat.Meals for volunteers are a mix of Tanzanian and eating requirements,do let our cooks know in time.If you do not like Tanzanian or Western dishes,do let the cooks know.
Duration&Coast：
Please Note：An application fee of ﹩250 and an international banking fee of ﹩50 are charged besides the program fee.
Requirements：
Volunteers must be 17 years old or older at the time of joining the project.All of them should have an open mind for working in a new and different environment.Volunteers need to love working with children.When teenagers under the age of 18 wish to take part in the program,they should send us a paper that shows their parents know their wish and support it.
1.Who are most probably interested in this program？ ______
A. Those loving nature and kids.
B. Those wanting to travel alone.
C. Those looking for a highly-paid job.
D. Those wishing to learn European culture.
2.What will volunteers do on Day 2？ ______
A. Pay a visit to a national park.
B. Begin the teaching work in Arusha.
C. Fly to Kilimanjaro International Airport.
D. Know about the local society and the program details.
3.What do we know about the cooks of the program？ ______
A. They'll try to suit different tastes.
B. They prepare two meals each day.
C. They are mainly local people.
D. They'll help guide volunteers' work.
B
I remember my grandma sitting at the kitchen table with cucumber （黄瓜） pieces stuck on her face.My sisters and I had them on our faces,too.We would just sit laughing at each other and seeing who could stick the most on at once.We looked silly,but it was a good way of cooling down when the apartment got too hot.
From our days as newborns,my grandma raised all three of us while my parents worked.As I got older,my family left the apartment and moved into a new house.I called my grandparents every day.I can't remember all that we talked about,but I remember how much we laughed.Mostly,though,our phone calls centered on my school homework.
Grandma was a Greek who came to America without speaking a word of English.I remember when one of my tasks was to learn the Greek national anthem（国歌），she took it upon herself to teach my sisters and me every word.As she sang,her voice was always filled with pride.She didn't Americanize herself to fit in,but brought her roots（根）and planted them firmly.
Now,I visit my grandma once a week in her nursing home.She can no longer walk,eat hard food,or carry out a conversation.She can say a few words at a time on a good day,but the nurses don't understand her,as she's returned to speak Greek.
One afternoon,I was feeding my grandma and a nurse walked up to us and said, "Are you her grandson？Because she knows you — I can tell.She doesn't look at anyone else like that." I looked over and my grandma's eyes were fixed on me,with the same kind of smile I've known all my life.I got close to her and she kissed me.Of course,she hasn't forgotten.
4.Why did the kids put cucumber pieces on their faces？ ______
A. To play a joke on Grandma.
B. To get a sense of being cool.
C. To make their face skin more smooth.
D. To do what Grandma asked them to do.
5.What can we learn about the author's grandma？ ______
A. She was proud of her Greek roots
B. She was a music teacher in Greece.
C. She learned English through songs.
D. She wasn't used to living in America.
6.What is stressed in the last paragraph？ ______
A. Grandma's late life.
B. Grandma's serious disease.
C. Grandma's memories of the author.
D. Grandma's deep love for the author.
C
Finally came Wednesday!I walked onto campus feeling nervous even though I had walked these same grounds for two years because my junior high school is next door.Everything looked and felt different now that I was in senior high.
I looked at my schedule.First period — German.Our German teacher was very friendly and I liked her from the beginning.What I didn't like,though,was that I was surrounded by students from other grades,with only five familiar faces.
Then I had to walk all the way across campus and up three flights of stairs to get to my second period — biology.Our teacher's name is Ms.Compeau,and I think that she will teach us a lot this year because she is very to the point.She also has her unique way of saying "be quiet," she says "alligator." She explained that she is the king,or should I say queen,of the class because alligators are the "king of the swamps （沼泽）."
My third class was English.After surviving two periods without too much of a challenge,I began to feel good.However,the third period changed everything.Mr.V.，my English teacher,told us that we would have to write 40 essays （文章） and read AP-level books such as The Odyssey this year.I love reading and writing,but 40 ESSAYS？AP-level books？Now I was scared.He also talked about how important it was to be focused.Last year was not a very "focused" year for me.While doing homework,I was often talking on the phone,or busy with a conversation on Facebook.I planned on stepping it up this year because I wanted to stay an honor student.
7.What did the author mainly write about in this passage？ ______
A. Her new teachers. B. Her plan for the new year.
C. Her first day of senior high. D. Her schedule for Wednesday.
8.What should students do when Ms.Compeau says "alligator"？ ______
A. Sit still. B. Stop talking.
C. Listen to the teacher. D. Look at the blackboard.
9.How did the author find her first two classes？ ______
A. Unattractive. B. Informative. C. Very tiring. D. Pretty easy.
10.Why did the author feel scared during the third period？ ______
A. Because she couldn't focus on her work.
B. Because she found the class demanding.
C. Because she didn't like the teacher.
D. Because she did poorly at school.
How To Study Smarter
For more than 100 years,scientists have done research on which study habits work best.Some tips help for almost every subject. (1) .Here are tips to improve your study habits.
1.Learn from mistakes.
It's important to test your memory.You'd better check to see if you are right. (2) .In fact,making mistakes can be a good thing.You can then concentrate on where you need the most help.
2.Find examples
Something abstract（抽象的）can be hard to understand.It is far easier to form a picture in your mind if you have an example of something.For example,sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid. (3) .But if you think about a lemon or vinegar,it's easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.
3. (4) Many students know what learning skills are.But often they don't plan when they want to put them in action.Even when students do make plans,something more attractive may come up.Have a set time and place where you do schoolwork and studying.And put your phone somewhere else while you work.Study during that time,and you can concentrate. (5) 。
A.Make a plan and stick to it
B.Develop more learning skills
C.Then focus on what you get wrong
D.On its own,it might be hard to remember
E.Hopefully,it is not so difficult to understand
F.Other skills work best for certain types of classes
G.It may seem unusual at first,but as time goes by,it becomes natural
11.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
12.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
13.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
14.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
15.A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
Gaspar is a two-year-old dog.His(16)began on June 29th.The dog's owner had arrived in Iquique a couple of days earlier,and asked her friend Ligia to take Gaspar and(17)her in Iquique by plane.Gaspar was placed in the plane's cargo hold（货舱）.However,upon landing,when Ligia went to(18)the dog,airport officials told her that there had been an accident and that they had(19)him.
No one knew exactly what had happened,but airline officials(20)that Gaspar's cage might have fallen from where it had been put.Possibly,the influence was so big that the dog got(21).Then,when the cargo hold opened,the(22)and disoriented（迷失方向的） dog jumped out and headed straight for the nearby Atacama Desert.
Upon hearing the(23)from her friend,the owner was worried.She immediately turned to social media to(24)Gaspar.The airline and a local army unit also got involved in the search.(25)having been spotted wandering（流浪）through the desert several times,Gaspar could not be(26)，which made everyone anxious.Fortunately,after six days of searching,the dog(27)returned to his owner's loving arms.
Surviving the(28)Atacama Desert for almost a week is a great(29)for any human,let alone a dog.So it's no(30)that 2-year-old Gaspar has been called a "miracle dog".
16.A. adventure B. plan C. exercise D. experiment
17.A. treat B. join C. punish D. support
18.A. come across B. care for C. show off D. get back
19.A. trained B. abandoned C. lost D. adopted
20.A. guessed B. confirmed C. admitted D. apologized
21.A. happy B. surprised C. free D. angry
22.A. lovely B. excited C. scared D. disappointed
23.A. complaint B. advice C. experience D. news
24.A. change B. look for C. protect D. check on
25.A. Unless B. As C. Although D. Because
26.A. trapped B. witnessed C. recognized D. rescued
27.A. successful B. voluntarily C. suddenly D. possibly
28.A. attractive B. hard C. famous D. magic
29.A. choice B. goal C. chance D. challenge
30.A. wonder B. secret C. matter D. question
31.This story took place about seven years ago.But images of that week are still clear in my mind.During that week,we had to face up to a (1) （power）hurricane（飓风）.The fact that I was still little seemed to increase (2) （it） force.And I could hear the noise of the wind blowing on the windows, (3) were shaking.Outside,everything was flying or moving.
In fact,the hurricane did not cross the island only once,but three times, (4) （cause）more and more damage at each crossing.During the entire week following that event,we were not able (5) （go）out of the house.All able (6) （road）were cut off,and we did not have running water.
Under those conditions, (7) hardest part was having no contact (8) the rest of my family living around the island.The fear of losing my close friends and relatives was (9) （certain）hard to stand.We stayed like that for one unpleasant week before everything (10) （fix）.For me,those seven days were a real nightmare（噩梦）.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
32.compare---______（n）
33.pack（n.）→ ______（n.包裹）
34.relate（v.）→ ______（n.）
35.long（adj.）→ ______（n.）
36.wise（adj．）---______（n．）
37.文化遗产 ______
38.______包价旅游
39.数百万；大量 ______
40.注意．______
41.向…捐赠______．
42.Especially ______（令人惊叹的）is the Inca's dry stone method of building.
43.For the risk-seekers,a part of the brain related ______pleasure becomes active.
44.Parents and coaches are ______（power）teachers because children usually look up to them.
45.I would ______（较喜欢）reading books to watching television.
46.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthe______（灾难）wouldlast．
47.Bob is a honest boy. ______
48.Cindy comes home at 9 o'clock last night. ______
49.Both Rose and Henry is learning Spanish now. ______
50.John leads a very happily life. ______
51.Sara gave us a lot of advices on how to prepare for the interview. ______
假如你是李华，你的留学生Jim近期想和舍友出去旅行，有两条线路可以选择："长江之行"或者"泰山之旅"。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：
1 你建议的线路；
2 你的理由；
3 你的祝愿。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____
Yours,
Li Hua
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】A、D、A
【解析】（1）A.推理判断题。根据第一段"you will meet some interesting and like-minded travelers from all over the world and work for the poor kids living in and Arusha.Besides,if you want to enjoy the beauty of Africa and camp in the wild,this program will be perfect for you.（你将会遇到一些来自世界各地的有趣且志趣相投的旅行者，并为生活在阿鲁沙和阿鲁沙的贫穷儿童工作。此外，如果你想欣赏非洲的美丽，在野外露营，这个项目将非常适合你。）"可知，那些热爱大自然和孩子最有可能对这个项目感兴趣。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据Plans：下的"Day2---Your program organizer will give you all the local transport,places of interest,restaurants,culture,customs,and your program plans and activities.（第二天--你的项目组织者将为你介绍当地所有的交通、景点、餐馆、文化、习俗，以及你的项目计划和活动。）"可知，志愿者们在第二天会了解当地社会和项目细节。故选D。
（3）A.推理判断题。根据Meals：下的"Meals for volunteers are a mix of Tanzanian and eating requirements,do let our cooks know in time.If you do not like Tanzanian or Western dishes,do let the cooks know.（志愿者的膳食是坦桑尼亚和饮食要求的混合，一定要让我们的厨师及时知道。如果你不喜欢坦桑尼亚菜或西方菜，一定要让厨师知道。）"可知，项目的厨师会尝试迎合不同的口味。故选A。
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了阿鲁沙义工的计划时间安排，食物，项目费用和要求等信息。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
4~6.【答案】B、A、D
【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第一段中的"We looked silly,but it was a good way of cooling down when the apartment got too hot.????????????????（我们看起来很傻，但当公寓太热时，这是一个很好的降温方式。）"可知，孩子们把黄瓜片放在脸上是想获得凉爽的感觉。故选B。
（2）A.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"I remember when one of my tasks was to learn the Greek national anthem?????????????（国歌），she took it upon herself to teach my sisters and me every word.As she sang,her voice was always filled with pride.????????????????????（我记得当我的任务之一是学习希腊国歌时，她承担起了自己的责任，教我和我的姐妹们每一个单词。当她唱歌时，她的声音总是充满自豪。）"可以推知，奶奶为自己的希腊血统感到骄傲。故选A。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段"One afternoon,I was feeding my grandma and a nurse walked up to us and said,"Are you her grandson?????????????????？Because she knows you - I can tell.She doesn't look at anyone else like that." I looked over and my grandma's eyes were fixed on me,with the same kind of smile I've known all my life.I got close to her and she kissed me.Of course,she hasn't forgotten.???????????????????????????????????????????（一天下午，我正在给奶奶喂奶，一个护士走到我们面前说："你是她的孙子吗？因为她认识你--我看得出来。她不会那样看别人。"我看过去，我奶奶的眼睛盯着我，带着我一生都知道的那种微笑。我靠近她，她吻了我。当然，她没有忘记。）"可推知，本段突出强调了奶奶对作者的爱。故选D。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者回忆了和奶奶相处的一些故事。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
7~10.【答案】C、B、D、B
【解析】（1）C.主旨大意题。根据文章中作者对一天课程的介绍，结合第一段中的"Finally came Wednesday! （终于到了星期三! ）"以及"Everything looked and feltdifferent now that I was in senior high.（现在我上高中了，一切看起来和感觉起来都不一样了。）"可知，本文主要讲述的是作者的第一天高中生活。故选C。
（2）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Shealsohasheruniquewayofsaying"bequiet,"shesays"alligator."（她也有自己独特的方式说"安静"，她说"鳄鱼"。）"可知，当Compeau老师说alligator"时，就表明她在要求大家安静，同学们就应该停止说话。故选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句"After surviving two periods without too much of a challenge,I began to feel good. （前两门课都没有太大挑战性，我感觉还不错。）"可知，作者感觉前两门]课不难。结合选项A．Unattractive.无吸引力的；B．Informative.信息丰富的；C．Verytiring.很累的；D．Prettyeasy.相当容易的。故选D。
（4）B.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"Mr.V.，myEnglishteacher,toldusthatwewouldhavetowrite40essays（文章）andreadAP-levelbookssuchasTheOdysseythisyear.Ilovereadingandwriting,but40ESSAYS？AP-levelbooks？NowIwasscared.（我的英语老师V先生告诉我们，今年我们要写40篇论文，还要读《奥德赛》等AP级书籍。我热爱阅读和写作，但是40篇作文？AP级别的书？现在我害怕了。）"可知，作者担心这门课的原因是这门课的要求很高。故选B。
本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己的第一天高中生活。
1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。
11~15.【答案】F、C、D、A、G
【解析】（1）F.联系上文题。根据上文Some tips help for almost every subject.??????一些技巧对几乎每一门学科都有帮助。F选项中的other和前面的some构成搭配，因此F选项Otherskillsworkbestforcertaintypesofclasses（其他技能最适合某些类型的课程。）符合上下文语境，故选F。
（2）C.联系下文题。根据下文In fact,making mistakes can be a good thing.You can then concentrate on where you need the most help.?????????????????事实上，犯错误是一件好事。然后你可以专注于你最需要帮助的地方。可知上文说的是犯错误，因此C选项Thenfocusonwhatyougetwrong.（然后专注于你做错了什么。）符合上下文语境，故选C。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据下文But if you think about a lemon or vinegar,it's easier to understand and remember that acids and sour go together.???????????????????但如果你想到柠檬或醋，就更容易理解和记住"acids"和"sour"就是一样的意思了。but和前面形成转折，所以上文是说难以理解，难以记住，因此D选项Onitsown,itmightbehardtoremember.（就其本身而言，可能很难记住。）符合上下文语境，故选D。
（4）A.段落标题题。根据本段内容，尤其是第一句许多学生知道什么是学习技能。但他们往往不计划何时付诸行动。即使学生确实制定了计划，也可能会有更吸引人的事情发生。许多学生知道什么是学习技能。但他们往往不计划何时付诸行动。可知A选项Makeaplanandsticktoit.（制定一个计划并坚持下去。）符合上下文语境，故选A。
（5）G.联系上文题。根据上文Have a set time and place where you do schoolwork and studying.And put your phone somewhere else while you work.Study during that time,and you can concentrate.?????????????????????????有一个固定的时间和地点，在那里你做功课和学习。工作时把手机放在别的地方。在这段时间学习，你可以集中精力。可知G选项中的it指代上文，因此G选项Itmayseemunusualatfirst,butastimegoesby,itbecomesnatural.（一开始可能看起来很不寻常，但随着时间的推移，它变得自然了。）符合上下文语境，故选G。
本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了几种最有效的学习习惯。1.从错误中学习；2.找出例子；3.制定一个计划并坚持下去。
考查选句填空。关于七选五的做题步骤：
步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。
步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。
步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。
步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。
步骤五：区分相似项。
16~30.【答案】A、B、D、C、A、C、C、D、B、C、D、A、B、D、A
【解析】（1）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.adventure冒险；B.plan计划；C.exercise锻炼；D.experiment实验。句意：他的冒险始于6月29日。根据最后一段Survivingthe（13）AtacamaDesertforalmostaweekisagreat（14）foranyhuman,letaloneadog可知，这只狗经历了一次艰难的冒险经历，因此空处应填adventure（冒险）。故选A项。
（2）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.treat对待；B.join加入，和……一起；C.punish惩罚；D.support支持。句意：这只狗的主人几天前就到了伊基克，让她的朋友莉吉亚带着加斯帕坐飞机去伊基克和她会合。狗的主人是想和她的朋友在伊基克会合，此处join sb.in为固定搭配，表示"加入某人一起"。故选B项.
（3）D.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.comeacross偶然遇见；B.carefor关心；C.showoff炫耀；D.getback取回。句意：然而，在飞机着陆时，利吉亚去接狗时，机场工作人员告诉她发生了事故，他们把它弄丢了。根据上文"uponlanding"可知，这里是飞机降落了，根据逻辑常识，空处应当是去取狗，而getback（取回）符合句意。故选D项。
（4）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.trained训练；B.abandoned抛弃；C.lost丢失；D.adopted领养。句意：然而，在飞机着陆时，利吉亚去接狗时，机场工作人员告诉她发生了事故，他们把它弄丢了。根据上文"airportofficialstoldherthattherehadbeenanaccident"可知，狗发生了意外情况，选项中lost（丢失）符合句意。故选C项。
（5）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.guessed猜测；B.confirmed确认；C.admitted承认；D.apologized道歉。句意：没有人知道到底发生了什么，但是航空公司的官员猜测加斯帕的笼子可能是从放它的地方掉下来的。根据下文"Possibly,theinfluencewassobig"可知，这里都是航空公司的猜测，所以选项guessed（猜测）符合上下文。故选A项。
（6）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.happy开心的；B.surprised惊讶的；C.free自由的；D.angry愤怒的。句意：可能是由于受到的影响太大，这只狗逃跑了。根据上文Gaspar'scagemighthavefallenfromwhereithadbeenput.Possibly,theinfluencewassobigthatthedog可知，关狗的笼子掉下来，使得狗可能就跑出来了，C选项free（自由的）符合句意。故选C项。
（7）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.lovely可爱的；B.excited兴奋的；C.scared害怕的；D.disappointed失望的。句意：然后，当货舱打开时，这只惊慌失措、迷失方向的狗跳出来，径直朝附近的阿塔卡马沙漠奔去。根据后文"anddisoriented（迷失方向的）dogjumpedoutandheadedstraightforthenearbyAtacamaDesert."可知，这只狗当时应是惊慌失措，C选项scared（害怕的）与disoriented为同类词。故选C项。
（8）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.complaint抱怨；B.advice建议；C.experience经历；D.news消息。句意：从朋友那里听到这个消息后，主人很担心。这里是主人听说了狗丢失的消息，感到担心，所以D选项news（消息）正确。故选D项。
（9）B.考查动词及动词短语及语境理解。A.change改变；B.lookfor寻找；C.protect保护；D.checkon检查，核实。句意：她立即转向社交媒体寻找加斯帕。根据后文"Theairlineanda localarmyunitalsogotinvolvedinthesearch."可知，B选项lookfor（寻找）与后文search呼应。故选B项.
（10）C.考查连词及语境理解。A.Unless除非；B.As随着；C.Although尽管；D.Because因为。句意：加斯帕虽然多次被发现在沙漠中游荡，但始终无法获救，这让所有人都感到焦虑。根据后文havingbeenspottedwandering（流浪）throughthedesertseveraltimes,Gasparcouldnotbe（11），whichmadeeveryoneanxious.可知，这里是指这只狗多次被人发现，却又没有获救，让大家很焦虑，因此空处填Although（尽管）符合逻辑。故选C项。
（11）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.trapped诱捕；B.witnessed目击；C.recognized承认，认出；D.rescued拯救。句意：加斯帕虽然多次被发现在沙漠中游荡，但始终无法获救，这让所有人都感到焦虑。根据下文"whichmadeeveryoneanxious"可知，狗并没有获救，因此D选项rescued（拯救）正确。故选D项。
（12）A.考查副词及语境理解。A.successfully成功地；B.voluntarily自愿地；C.suddenly突然地；D.possibly可能地。句意：幸运的是，经过六天的寻找，这只狗终于回到了主人爱的怀抱。根据上文"aftersixdaysofsearching"可知，找了六天才成功找到，回到主任身边，所以A项successfully（成功地）正确。故选A项。
（13）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.attractive迷人的；B.hard艰难的；C.famous著名的；D.magic魔力的。句意：在严酷的阿塔卡马沙漠生存一周对任何人来说都是一个巨大的挑战，更不用说一只狗了。在沙漠生存一周是艰难的事情，所以B选项hard（艰难的）正确。故选B项。
（14）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.choice选择；B.goal目标；C.chance机会；D.challenge挑战。句意：在严酷的阿塔卡马沙漠生存一周对任何人来说都是一个巨大的挑战，更不用说一只狗了。在沙漠生存一周，对于人来说应是意见具有挑战的事情，所以D选项challenge（挑战）符合常理。故选D项。
（15）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.wonder奇迹；B.secret秘密；C.matter事件；D.question问题。句意：难怪两岁的加斯帕被称为"奇迹狗"。根据上文"letaloneadog"可知，对于人来说都很困难的事情，发生在了一只两岁多的狗身上，这是它称之为"奇迹狗"的原因，空处涉及固定搭配itisnowonderthat…（难怪），所以A项正确。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了两岁的小狗加斯帕被称为"奇迹狗"的由来。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
31.【答案】【小题1】powerful
【小题2】its
【小题3】which
【小题4】causing
【小题5】to go
【小题6】roads
【小题7】the
【小题8】with
【小题9】certainly
【小题10】was fixed
【解析】（1）powerful.考查形容词。句意：在那一周里，我们不得不面对一场强大的飓风。分析句子结构可知，横线前为冠词a,后面为名词hurricane,所以横线处应该用形容词作定语，故填powerful。
（2）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我还小的事实似乎增加了它的力量。分析句子结构可知，横线后面为名词forece,所以横线处用代词it的形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰限定force。故填its。
（3）which.考查定语从句。句意：窗户在摇晃，我能听到风吹在窗户上的声音。分析句子结构可知，横线处应该填引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，先行词为windows,指物，横线处的关系词作定语从句的主语，且前面有逗号，故填which。
（4）causing.考查现在分词。句意：事实上，飓风并不是只有一次，而是三次，每次都造成越来越多的破坏。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语动词为did not cross,所以横线处应该用cause的非谓语形式，the hurricane与cause之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词表主动关系，故填causing。
（5）to go.考查不定式。句意：我们无法走出房子。分析句子结构可知，横线处考查固定短语be able to do sth."能够干某事"，故填to go。
（6）roads.考查名词复数。句意：所有可以通行的道路都被切断了，我们没有自来水。分析句子结构可知，横线处作句子主语，系动词为are,所以主语应用复数，故填roads。
（7）the.考查定冠词。句意：在这些情况下，最困难的部分是与我住在岛上的家人没有联系。分析句子可知，横线后为形容词最高级，所以前面应该用定冠词，故填the。
（8）with.考查介词。句意：在这些情况下，最困难的部分是与我住在岛上的家人没有联系。横线处考查短语have no contact with"与......没有联系"，故填with。
（9）certainly.考查副词。我很难忍受失去亲朋好友的恐惧。横线处用副词修饰形容词hard,故填certainly。
（10）was fixed.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。我们就这样不愉快地呆了一个星期，然后一切都解决了。结合上下文，应该用一般过去时，everything与fix之间为被动语态，且everything是单数，故填was fixed。
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者经历的一次强大的飓风。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
32.【答案】comparison
【解析】答案：comparison．考查单词、词组．例如：Reports of consecutive years should also be available for comparison．网站应登载连续数年的报告，方便读者作比较．
比较；比喻
考查单词、词组，要熟记单词、词组拼写，弄清楚相近单词、词组词义的区别，然后正确写出单词、词组．
33.【答案】package
【解析】pack（n.）→ package（n.包裹）。例如：I tore open the package.我撕开了那个包裹。
故填：package。
pack（n.）→ package（n.包裹）
考查单词、词组的翻译，要熟记他们的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的单词或词义。
34.【答案】relation
【解析】relate（v.）→ relation（n.）。例如：We seek to improve relations between our two countries.我们寻求改进我们两国间的关系。
故填：relation。
relate（v.）→ relation（n.）
考查单词、词组的翻译，要熟记他们的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的单词或词义。
35.【答案】length
【解析】long（adj.）→length （n.）例如：The river is 300 miles in length.这条河长300英里。
故填：length
long（adj.）→length （n.）
考查单词、词组的翻译，要熟记他们的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的单词或词义。
36.【答案】
【解析】略
37.【答案】cultureheritage
【解析】文化遗产cultureheritage。例如：Allofourcultureheritagewhichisusefulshouldbeinherited,butinacriticalway.凡属我国文化遗产中有用的东西，都应当批判地继承。
故填：cultureheritage。
文化遗产cultureheritage
考查单词、词组的翻译，要熟记他们的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的单词或词义。
38.【答案】package tour
【解析】答案：package tour
考查词组翻译．根据所给的汉语提示"包价旅游"，可知译成英语为package tour，eg：I've never been on a package tour before．我以前从没参加过包价旅游．故填package tour．
package tour包价旅游
本题考查词组的翻译，做题时首先根据所给的汉语提示翻译成相应的英语词组，然后举例说明词组的用法．
39.【答案】millionsof
【解析】数百万；大量millionsof。例如：Theprogrammeattractedmillionsofviewers.这个节目吸引了数百万电视观众。
故填：millionsof。
数百万；大量millionsof
考查单词、词组的翻译，要熟记他们的汉语意思，并结合题目要求写出正确的单词或词义。
40.【答案】payattentionto
【解析】答案：payattentionto．考查英译汉．例如：Pay more attention to the voice of youth．
多留意年轻人的意见．
注意
考查汉译英，注意英汉之间的差异，英语与汉语之间的一些特殊表达，准确地理解句子、翻译句子，然后根据句意及提示完成句子，使句意更通顺．
41.【答案】donate…to
【解析】答案：donate…to
解析：根据所给中文提示可知，本题考查donate…to"向…捐赠"这一固定短语．拓展：donation为名词"捐赠；捐赠物"．
向…捐赠
本题考查单词/词组的翻译，做此类题目时一定要根据所给中/英文提示准确找出与之对应的英/中文，并注意形式是否需要变化．
42.【答案】amazing
【解析】根据括号内词义，"令人惊叹的"可译为amazing。分析句子，副词修饰形容词，结合Especially,设空处应用形容词。
故填：amazing。
尤其令人惊叹的是印加的干石建筑方法。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
43.【答案】to
【解析】related to"与 ...相关"，是固定搭配。
故填：to。
对于寻求冒险的人来说，大脑中与快乐相关的部分变得活跃起来。
完成句子，要弄清楚各种句子即简单句，并列句和复合句的结构及连接词和句意，然后按要求完成句子。
44.【答案】powerful
【解析】power"力量，影响力"，分析句子结构可知，teachers作句子的宾语，前面应该用形容词作定语，所以填powerful"有影响力的"。
故填：powerful。
父母和教练都是很有影响力的老师，因为孩子们都很敬仰他们。
本题考查单词填空。首先根据句子结构和词与词之间的搭配关系判断应用所给词的何种词性进行填空，然后写出单词的适当形式。
45.【答案】prefer
【解析】根据括号内词义，"较喜欢"可译为prefer。分析句子，情态动词后跟动词原形，结合would,设空处应用动词原形。
故填：prefer。
比起看电视，我更喜欢看书。
做这类题型，首先根据所给汉语明确句子所要考查的单词或短语的拼写，再结合相关语法知识对单词或短语做出形式上的变化。
46.【答案】disaster
【解析】答案是disaster．本题考查语境中选用恰当的词或短语；disaster n．灾难；题干中定冠词the后面需要名词"灾难"充当主语，故答案是disaster．
人们开始在想这次灾难还会持续多久．
翻译填空要在理解句子的结构和含义的基础上根据汉语意思选择恰当的词、短语或句型；同时注意所选词的形式变化．
47.【答案】a改为an
【解析】boy是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a/an表示泛指，因honest读音以发元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。
故填：a改为an。
鲍勃是一个诚实的男孩。
考查句子改错。单句改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是专门针对考生们平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作练习中常犯的又是较为普遍的错误而设计的。
48.【答案】comes改为came
【解析】根据时间状语lastnight要用一般过去时，故把comes改为came。
故填：comes改为came。
辛迪昨晚九点钟回家。
考查句子改错。单句改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是专门针对考生们平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作练习中常犯的又是较为普遍的错误而设计的。
49.【答案】is改为are
【解析】both...and...意为"两者都..."，若连接两个成分作主语，谓语总是用复数。故把is改为are。
故填：is改为are。
罗斯和亨利现在都在学西班牙语。
考查句子改错。单句改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是专门针对考生们平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作练习中常犯的又是较为普遍的错误而设计的。
50.【答案】happily改为happy
【解析】life是名词，要用形容词happy修饰。故把happily改为happy。
故填：happily改为happy。
约翰过着非常幸福的生活。
考查句子改错。单句改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是专门针对考生们平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作练习中常犯的又是较为普遍的错误而设计的。
51.【答案】advices改为advice
【解析】advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故把advices改为advice。
故填：advices改为advice。
莎拉就如何准备面试给了我们很多建议。
考查句子改错。单句改错涉及词汇、语法、句型结构等方面的知识和逻辑情理的推断和综合辨析能力，是一种在较高层次上考查考生对英语知识的掌握和语言综合运用能力的测试题型。它是专门针对考生们平时学习英语过程中，尤其是写作练习中常犯的又是较为普遍的错误而设计的。
52.【答案】Dear Jim,
I'm happy to receive your letter.
Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai,both are strongly recommended.Personally,I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River,the longest river and one of the mother rivers of Chinese civilization.（你建议的线路） You can learn a lot about the history of China and the Chinese people.Moreover,the scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sightseeing spots.【高分句型一】（你的理由）
That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.【高分句型二】（你的祝愿）
Hope you'll have a good time.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：.Moreover,the scenery along the river is amazing,with many well-known sightseeing spots.
翻译：此外，沿河风景令人惊叹，有许多著名的观光景点。
分析：本句使用了with的复合结构。
高分句型二：That's why I think the trip along the Yangtze River is a better choice.
翻译：这会导致很多问题，比如某天喂太多，另一天什么也不喂。
分析：本句使用了why引导的表语从句。
提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。