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#高考#名校测试卷#广东省

广东省六校2023届高三第一次联考

英语

命题：广州二中英语科高三备课组

（满分120分 考试时间120分钟）

注意事项：

1.答题前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。并用2B铅笔将对应的信息点涂黑，不按要求填涂的，答卷无效。

2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只需将答题卡交回。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Competition Judges Needed

Anyone with relevant knowledge or skills is encouraged to sign up to judge Sigma Xi’s Student Research Showcase (SRS), an online science communication competition in which students compete for awards and recognition of outstanding virtual research presentations. The competition is open to high school, undergraduate, and graduate students and most worldwide research disciplines (学科) are represented across the following categories.

?agriculture, soil, and natural resources

?cell biology and biochemistry

?human behavioral and social sciences

?math and computer science

?physics and astronomy

Information for Judges

Professional researchers and science communicators from the above-listed disciplines are needed to evaluate and interact with contestants by posting comments and questions on presentation websites. Each judge assesses up to 10 websites where students submit their presentations containing mainly a research abstract and a slide presentation. Sigma Xi membership is preferred, but not required, to judge. Judging takes place from April 26 to May 10, 2022, allowing flexibility with each judge’s personal schedule as no travel is required.

Click here to download the SRS Judges Manual for more information and judging criteria.

Information for General visitors

General visitors to the presentation websites can also watch the personal videos of the presenters and vote for the People’s Choice Award winner, who will receive a prize money of up to $ 250. Visitors of general science background can also read the abstracts and comment in the discussion forums. Locate the link on the site that most likely appears as comments & reactions.

Visit http://sigmaxishowcase.tumblr.com/ for a sample Student Showcase presentation site.

21. Who is the most likely candidate for the judge of the competition?

A. A professor of western literature. B. A member of Sigma Xi.

C. A specialist in human social sciences. D. An undergraduate of cell biology.

22. What is the judge expected to do?

A. Assess science presentation websites.

B. Interview the contestants at a given time.

C. Vote for the People’s Choice Award winner.

D. Evaluate personal videos given by presenters.

23. Where is this text probably taken from?

A. A magazine. B. A website.

C. An advertisement. D. An academic article.

B

The idea of climbing Everest disgusted me. The mountain came to represent the opposite of everything that I loved and respected about climbing. What had once been the final mountain climbing goal became the focus of a commercial guiding industry. Over the years, the crowds at Base Camp grew, leaving behind tons of trash. Whenever I was asked whether I’d climb Everest, my answer was always the same: not interested.

That’s probably where my personal Everest story would have ended, were it not for an old friend and his obsession (执念) with one of the greatest mysteries. In 1999, Thom Pollard began to explore and found the remains of George Mallory, the celebrated British climber who disappeared while attempting to be the first to climb Everest. But Mallory’s partner, Sandy Irvine, and the camera he had likely carried, were not found. The mountain climbing world has been wondering whether they might have reached the top in 1924.

Pollard’s story moved me. I began to pack for the climb and expected that our advanced equipment would make it manageable, perhaps easy. I was wrong. On the highest point on the planet, I was more tired than I’d ever been in any climbing. Along the way, I continuously tipped my hat, not just to Mallory and Irvine but to anyone who has the drive to push himself or herself up this route. My search was in vain, but I began to reconsider Everest.

I witnessed many climbers, who were much more than just self-centered tourists. We shared route information, weather forecasts, and family photos — all united around common goals.

I went to Everest to seek Irvine. But in the end, I found something more difficult to get: the spirit that Irvine and Mallory shared. It was hiding in plain sight, right where it has always been: inside the brave souls who risk so much to follow in storied adventurers’ footsteps up Everest.

24. What is the main reason why the author hated climbing Everest?

A. He changed his climbing goal.

B. Everest was seriously polluted by trash.

C. Everest became an industry to make money.

D. The mountain was too crowded with climbers.

25. Why did the author climb Everest later?

A. Because he desired to challenge himself.

B. Because he got motivated by Thom Pollard.

C. Because his old friend persuaded him to climb again.

D. Because he wanted to follow the footsteps of Mallory and Irvine.

26. What does the underlined phrase “tipped my hat” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Expressed my gratitude. B. Proved my determination.

C. Relieved the tiredness. D. Showed my respect.

27. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A. Admiration for the climbers. B. Concern about the risk.

C. Confidence about the journey. D. Hope for Everest’s future.

C

Every year thousands of people come to the city of Pamplona, in north-eastern Spain, for the opportunity to run for their lives as six fighting bulls are released to charge through the town. There are injuries and deaths every year, but the event is of interest to many people. A paper just published in Science describes the insight the event offers into the psychology of panicked crowds.

That is a useful topic to explore. Architects, civil engineers and urban planners must try to work out how people will behave in the event of a disaster like a fire, a flood or a terrorist attack so they can design their creations to avoid potentially deadly collisions (碰撞). Unfortunately, solid information is hard to come by. Daniel Parisi, the paper’s lead author, realized that the Pamplona bull-runs offered the perfect natural experiment.

Dr Parisi and his team went to two different rooftop locations in Pamplona in July 2019, and filmed the runners as the animals were released. Later in the lab, they calculated the speed of the runners, the density (密度) of the crowd, the probability of a runner tripping and falling and the relationship between runner-group density and speed.

Perhaps unsurprisingly, the researchers found that runners picked up speed when the bulls drew near. Less expected was the finding that the speed of individual runners increased with the density of the crowd, which was contrary to a long-held assumption in architectural and urban-design circles that people will slow their pace as group density goes up, in order to lower the risk of a collision, which could lead to a fall and, perhaps, injury or death.

Yet it seems that, in the heat of the moment, people pay little attention to the danger of colliding with each other, and do not slow down. The responsibility therefore falls upon urban designers to work out how best to plan the construction of future tunnels, bridges and other passages that restrict flow. The only option may well be to make them broad enough.

28. What did Dr Parisi and his team do in Pamplona?

A. They recorded a bull-run. B. They proved their theory.

C. They watched a thrilling bull-fight. D. They designed a psychological experiment.

29. What was the unexpected finding in the study?

A. People slowed down in crowded areas.

B. Collisions posed a danger to bull-runners.

C. Bulls coming near made people running faster.

D. People tended to speed up in high-density crowds.

30. What is implied in the last paragraph?

A. People lose their mind in disasters.

B. Future tunnels and bridges may be wider.

C. Panicked crowds are aware of the danger of collision.

D. Restricting flow helps to prevent people colliding each other.

31. Which is the best title for the text?

A. How crowds react to panic

B. Bull-runs caught on in Spain

C. Dr Parisi’s finding shocks the world

D. What architects can learn from a bull-run

......