II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passagebelow, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammaticallycorrect. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the properform of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits eachblank.

Rosa's Sports Photo Competition Entry

Ice hockey is playedon an ice rink with a goal net at each end. Two teams on skates compete toscore goals by using a stick, curved at one end, ____1____(hit) a small, hard rubber disc, called a puck. There may be20 players in each team, but only six can be on the rink at any time. One ofthem is the goalkeeper, who ____2____(allow) to catch the puck or block it with any part of theirbody, as well as with their sick. Ice hockey has always been most popular inplaces ____3____cold winters, for example in Canada, northern European, countries and thenorthern states of the USA. However, with indoor ice rinks, many othercountries have started competing in this sport and ice hockey events held allyear around.

In this photo, ____4____(take) during a matchbetween Hungary and Holland, you can see two players who are trying to controlthe puck. Their bodies are bumping together and the Dutch player is finding ithard to keep his balance on one leg, but they are both concentrating onreaching the puck with their sticks. I chose this action photo because it shows____5____exciting and competitive the game is. The light shining on the ice gives you anidea of the hard surface, ____6____ makes ice hockey the fastest team sport in the world. Thepuck can travel up to 160 kph and players may shake at about 40 kph. They mustbe ready to race forward, stop or turn quickly and changes suddenly fromattacking to defending.

Also, ____7____ the photo shows, icehockey is a very physical contact sport. Injuries are common, especially ____8____ players crash intoeach other. In the photo you can see the helmets that protect their heads andthe thick pads that are worn on their legs, knees and shoulders. The game is sochallenging that players can usually only stay on the ice for about two minutesbefore ____9____(replace). It is their amazing physical skill and speed _____10_____ make ice hockey soexciting to watch.

【答案】1.to hit

2. isallowed

3. with 4. taken

5. how 6. which

7. as 8. when##as

9. beingreplaced

10. that

Section B

Directions: Fill in eachblank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.

QueenElizabeth II has responded to Prince Harry and Meghan Markle's request to “stepback” as senior members of the royal family.

“Today myfamily had very ____11____ discussions on the future of my grandson andhis family,” the reigning monarch shared in a statement. “My family and I areentirely supportive of Harry and Meghan's desire to create a new life as ayoung family. Although we would have preferred them to remain full-time workingMembers of the Royal Family, we respect and understand their wish to live amore independent life as a family while remaining a ____12____ part ofmy family.

“Harryand Meghan have made clear that they do not want to be ____13____ onpublic funds in their new lives,” the 93-year -old continued. “It has thereforebeen agreed that there will be a period of transition during which the Sussexeswill spend time in Canada and the UK. These are complex matters for my familyto ____14____ and there is some more work to be done, but I have askedfor final decisions to be reached in the coming days.”

Elizabethhad called for a face-to-face meeting with Harry, 35, and other members of theroyal family in order to iron out logistics of his and Markle's decision tobecome “financially independent” of the crown.

Themeet-up marked the first time the queen and her grandson met following the shockingannouncement on social media last week. It reflected the queen's desire to ____15____the fallout from Harry and Meghan's decision. A palace insider previously saidthat the royal family were not informed of the couple's announcement until itwas made to the world.

Themeeting comes after days of intense news ____16____, in which supportersof the royal family's feuding factions used the British media to paint ____17____pictures of who was to blame for the rift.

The royalbrothers even issued a rare joint statement denying the media ____18____that William is to blame for the couple's ____19____ to split their timebetween the United Kingdom and North America.

Lastweek, Duke and Duchess of Sussex shared on social media that their decisioncame “after many months of _____20_____ and internal discussions.”

【答案】11.J 12. C

13. G 14. A

15. K 16. B

17. D 18. F

19. E 20. I

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehensions

SectionA

Directions: For each blankin the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

When youare stuck on a problem, sometimes it is best to stop thinking aboutit—consciously, anyway. Research has shown that taking a break or a nap canhelp the brain create____21____to a solution. Now a new study____22____onthe effect of this so-called incubation（潜伏期）by using sound cues to focus the sleeping mind on a targetedproblem.

Whenhumans sleep, parts of the brain replay certain memories, strengthening andtransforming them. About a decade ago researchers developed a technique, calledtargeted memory reactivation（TMR）, aimed at furtherenhancing____23____memories: when a sound becomes associated with amemory and is later played during sleep, that memory gets____24____. Ina study published last November in PsychologicalScience, scientists tested whether____25____the memory of a puzzleduring sleep might also improve problem-solving.

About 60participants visited the laboratory before and after a night of____26____.First, they____27____spatial, verbal and conceptual puzzles, with adistinct music clip repeating in the background for each, until they had workedon six puzzles they could not solve. Overnight they wore electrodes（电极）to detect slow-wave sleep, which may beimportant for memory enhancement—and a device played the sounds ____28____tothree of the six unsolved puzzles. The next day, back at the lab, theparticipants attempted the six puzzles again.（Each repeated theexperiment with a different set of puzzles the following night.） Alltold, the subjects solved 32 percent of the sound-stimulated puzzles comparedwith 21 percent of the ____29____puzzles.

Theresearchers "very bravely went for quite complex tasks that involved a lotof complex processing, and remarkably they found these really strong effects inall of their _____30_____." says Penny Lewis, a psychologist atCardiff University, who was not involved in the research. "These aresupercool results. Now we need to go out and try to understand them by firstly replicating（复制）them and secondly trying to _____31_____the componentprocesses that are actually being influenced."

Beyondproviding new evidence that humans restructure memories while sleeping, theresearch may have _____32_____implications. "In a futuristic world,maybe TMR could help us use sleep to work on our problems," says leadauthor Kristin Sanders, who was a graduate student at Northwestern Universityduring the study. Sleep-monitoring technology is increasingly accessible—andeven without devices, prospective solvers can focus on important problemsbefore _____33_____.

Still,sleep is not _____34_____; people need to do their homework and loadtheir heads with the puzzle pieces involved. "I'm not going to solve cancerwith this technique," Sanders says, "because I am totally _____35_____cancerresearch."

21. A. applications B.commitment C. attention D. pathways

22. A. counts B.expands C. insists D. passes

23. A. treasured B.selected C.devoted D.shortened

24A. dimmed B.stored C.reactivated D.researched

25. A. neglecting B.examining C. erasing D. revisiting

26. A. sleep B.experiment C. training D. relaxation

27. A. created B.solved C.attempted D.classified

28. A. assigned B.transformed C. explained D. introduced

29. A. unsettled B.untargeted C. unstated D. untested

30. A. puzzles B.brains C.processes D. tasks

31. A. work out B.turn to C. takeon D. bring about

32. A. individual B.conceptual C.practical D.collective

33. A. dinner B.dawn C. bed D. schooling

34. A. significant B.magic C. fixed D. possible

35. A. dependent on B.curious about C.interested in D.ignorant of

【答案】21.D 22. B 23. B24. C 25. D 26. A27. C 28. A 29. B30. D 31. A 32. C33. C 34. B 35. D

Section B

Directions: Read thefollowing two passage. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, Cand D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.

(A)

Whenasked in 1993 to comment on accusations that the movie In the Name of theFather distorts （曲解） contemporary British and Irish history, femalelead Emma Thompson responded that she couldn't care less. Even since thepremiere （首映） in 1915 of The Birth of a Nation, filmmakershave rewritten history to create top-dollar entertainment. The films are verypersuasive: well-made movies hold your interest continuously, drawing yourattention to “what happens next,” and pulling you forward with no time toreflect on individual scenes until the final credits roll. The result: youdon't remember much about a movie after watching it for the first time. Forthis reason, movies have extraordinary power - unmatched by any other medium -to leave you with a strong sense of what is right and what is wrong, who is badand who is good, even though critical details presented in the movies may befalse.

Well, sowhat? They're just movies. In factthey're not just movies. Millions of Americans are devoted history lovers,and they pack theatres every time new movies about historical figures or eventscome to town. Saving private Ryan and Titanic drew viewers and cash for months.Many high school teachers screen movies in the classroom. Clearly countlessAmericans get most of their history from television and the big screen.

Some ofthe industry's finest historical and period films premiered during the pastdecades. But the 1960s also saw a number of politically charged history-based moviesfull of factual distortions and, occasionally, outright lies. Today the trendcontinues on a larger scale: many movies released in the 1990s and the firstdecade of the 21*t century reflect lack of respect for solid, reliable history.

History Goes to the Movies is a source of information and, it is hoped,entertainment for everyone interested in the actual history behind a wideselection of movies grouped into twelve sections--11 covering historicalperiods and events and twelfth containing biographies and period films. Eachmovie review includes an essay on the history covered in one or more movies,and a brief plot summary. Star ratings (five stars: don't miss it) reflect eachmovie's historical accuracy and - to a much lesser extent --- its power toamuse.

Obviously,expecting textbook accuracy from movies would be ridiculous-and producers havedelivered a remarkable number of historically faithful movies. But some of themget too much of their history wrong. HistoryGoes to the Movies is a guide, however imperfect, for readers and viewersaiming to get it right.

36. Emma Thompson said ________ that In the Name ofthe Father was historically inaccurate.

A.it didn't matter. B.it was upsetting.

C.It aroused her attention. D.it wasn't obvious.

37. By “infact they're not just movies” (in paragraph 2), the author meansthat________.

A. some movies are much more profitable than others

B. movies serve more purposes than entertainingviews

C. movies tend to provide viewers with falsedetails

D. the movies about historical figures attracthistory lovers

38. Which of the following is true of History Goesto the Movies?

A. It is aimed at those who take interest inbiographies.

B. It rates a movie mainly according to how amusingit is.

C. It introduces a movie's story as well as itsrelated history.

D. It focuses on the movies that presented historyin a funny way.

39. The passage is mainly intended to ________.

A. criticize the film industry's favoringentertainment over truth

B. point out which films presented history in awrong way.

Ccall onfilm directors to show respect for history

D. introduce a book involving history-based films

【答案】36.A 37. B 38. C39. D

(B)

40. In Fabric & Styles, which item leaves youwith the least personal choice?

A.Fabric. B.Fly Style.

C.Pocket Style. D.Thread Color

41. According to the passage, which of the followingstatements is True?

A. The tailor will meet all the requirements onyour jeans on condition that you state every detail clearly in your order.

B. If the order with wrong measurements has alreadybeen processed, nothing can be done to fix the situation.

C. Before payment, you can check your order indetail and feel free to make modifications multiple times.

D. The tailor will make an identical copy of yourfavorite jeans if you follow the instructions in “Copy A Jeans” section.

42. If you place an overseas order with fullpayments by PayPal on October 12, you will receive your jeans no laterthan________.

A.Oct.21 B.Nov.11

C.Nov.16 D.Nov.20

【答案】40.B 41. C 42. D

(C)

There arefew spectacles more unpleasant than a television presenter trying to hang on toa job. When one of the presenters of the BBC program Crimewatch resigned recently, rather than suffer the inevitableindignity of being unfinished and replaced by a younger version, he made theusual hurt noises about his masters' overemphasis on youth. People in the medialistened sympathetically before he slid from view to join the ranks of television'shas-beens.

Thepresenter's argument, that the views don't care how old you are so long as youcan “do the job,” unfortunately is not backed up by the evidence. When you'reon TV, viewers are always thinking about whether you're losing your hair oryour figure and, lately, whether you've had cosmetic work done. This is whatthey're actually doing when you think they're listening to the wise things yousay. Viewers actually don't understand much of what the job involves, they justsee you sitting there looking the part. Like the ability to pet one's headwhile rubbing one's stomach, TV presenting is just one of those sills. Some ofthose who possess this skill can hit the big name, inevitably as they becomemore attached to the lifestyle thisbrings, however, the more likely they are to overstate the skill.

Inreality, if somebody is paying you a lot of money to do a job, it's often onthe tacit （心照不宣的） understanding that you may be firedsuddenly-it's part of the deal. Unlike football managers, TV presenters pretendnot to understand this. If they've had many years being paid silly sums to reada script from an autocue （自动题词机），it's difficult for them to accept that they'vebeen the beneficiary of good fortune rather than anything else; even harder toface the fact that an editor could all too easily send them to the shoppingchannels.

Somethingsimilar eventually awaits all the people who are currently making fortunes thatwould have been unimaginable to earlier generations of presenters. One daywe'll decide that their face no longer fits and they'll be dragged awaycomplaining about the same ageist policy from which they no doubt previouslyprofited. Show business is a brutal （残忍的） business. The one thing itreliably punishes is age, particularly among women. That's why, at the age offifty, female TV presenters become female radio presenters and why girl bandsplanning to re-form need to get it done before they're forty, after which itwill get too hard for everyone to suspend their collective disbelief.

43. What does the writer imply about the Crimewatch presenter he mentions in thefirst paragraph?

A. He was unwise to resign when he did.

B. He will soon be forgotten by the viewers.

C. He may well have had a valid point to make.

D. He was treated insensitively by his employers.

44. The underlined pronoun “this” in paragraph 2refers to________.

A.a public image B.a level of success

C.an overstatement D.a common misunderstanding

45. Why does the writer mention football managers inparagraph 3?

A. To support his view that presenters areoverpaid.

B. To stress how important luck is in certainoccupations.

C. To show how relatively secure TV presents are intheir jobs.

D. To illustrate a general rule that applies tocertain types of job.

46. According to the writerTV personalities who may worry about ageism________.

A. should look for work in other forms ofbroadcasting

B. may have benefited from it themselves at somepoint

Care lesswell respected than presenters of the past

D. are being unfair to up-and-coming youngercolleagues

【答案】43.B 44. B 45. D46. B

Section C

Directions: Read thepassage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentencesthan you need.

When wetalk about healthy brain ageing we are really discussing one of two things: howto minimize ongoing damage to the hardware of the brain, mostly by keeping itsblood supply as good as possible; or how to improve the operation of the brain'ssoftware. ____47____

There iscurrently no magic bullet to protect the brain, but one area that has been bestresearched, and about which we can say with reasonable confidence, “this willhelp”, is mental activity.

There isplenty of evidence that older people who stay mentally active, by learning anew language, doing crosswords or taking part in other intellectuallychallenging activities, preserve full cognitive function for longer. They havespent more time doing cognitively demanding activities over a lifetime, andthey are, to some extent, buffered from the physical effects of brain ageingand degenerative diseases. We cal this buffer “cognitive reserve” - a back-upreservoir of brain function that can protect from the consequences of braindamage, allowing us to continue to perform well. For example, people with ahigher IQ, longer education or cognitively challenging employment have beenfound to have a lower risk of developing dementia. ____48____ In fact,studies have found that people with higher cognitive, reserve who do getdementia exhibit less severe symptoms even when they have more brain damagethan those with lower cognitive reserve.

____49____ The more we understand about its role inprotecting our brain and how to boost our reserve, the more effective we willbe3 in designing interventions to keep the human brain healthier for longer.

____50____ We think it can be built up throughout life foreveryone. Therefore, taking part in cognitively challenging activities,learning new skills and continuing to “use it or lose it” probably applies nomatter how old you are. Crucially, it's never to late to start.

A. Many ways of doing this have been suggested, butfew have scientific weight behind them.

B. Though there is not enough scientific researchabout it, many suggestions have been put forward.

C. Cognitive reserve isn't exclusive to those whohave the IQ of a genius or who've devoted their life to theoretical physics.

D. Yet there's still much to discover about thepotential of cognitive reserve for optimizing the brain's resilience.

E. This is despite the fact that their brainsactually show normal amounts of age- and disease-related damage.

F. However, studies about the potential ofcognitive reserve for optimizing the brain's resilience leave much to bedesired.

【答案】47.A 48. E 49. D50. C

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

51. Directions: Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it isillustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.

Where Arts Should Get ItsFunding?

Fewpeople would contest the value of arts in a civilized society. Great artenriches people’s lives by providing pleasure, stimulation and an escape fromthe pressure of everyday life. However, it is also true that many of the arts,such as classical music, the ballet, and the visual arts have always attracteda minority audience. The question is whether the arts should be publiclyfunded, or whether it is the consumers who should pay.

It is myview that the government should subsidize the arts, for a number of reasons.First of all, without subsidies, many artists would undoubtedly be unable tosurvive financially. Government grants can enable them to work with artisticfreedom, while if they worked independently or relied on private subsidies theymight be subject to market pressures and the need to make a profit. Secondly,the arts contribute to a nation’s cultural heritage and can create a sense ofsocial identity. They can also play an important role in education, communityregeneration and even crime prevention. However, the main argument for publicfunding of the arts is not social usefulness, but rather because they areimportant for their own sake.

Ofcourse, there are those who argue that public money would be better spent onmeeting the needs of the poorer members of society, rather than catering forthe interests of an elite. However, I believe that a healthy society is one inwhich art and creativity are valued alongside these basic needs. Indeed, acivilized society ought to make the arts accessible to everyone, regardless oftheir background or income.

Inconclusion, the arts should be funded across a broad range of activities, forexample, by supporting community or school theatre projects, or bringlingsculptures and art installations to public places.

【答案】Thepassage tells us that arts should be supported by the government or otherorganizations, not only because funding makes artists concentrate on their owncareers, but also arts play an important role in society in many aspects.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate thefollowing sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

52. 环保主义者们为了这片森林免遭人类活动的破坏煞费苦心。（take）（汉译英）

【答案】Environmentalistshave taken great pains to protect the forest from human activity.

53. 许多政府官员意识到了这些问题，但各种利益冲突妨碍了问题的解决。(way) （汉译英）

【答案】Manygovernment officials are aware of these problems, but various conflicts ofinterest are in the way.

54. 所有与会者都对Malala，这位为了女性教育权利斗争的诺贝尔和平奖获得者，表示了敬意。（present）（汉译英）

【答案】All thepeople present at the meeting showed respect for Malala, the Nobel Peace Prizewinner who fought for women’s rights to education.

55. 无论是向银行申请贷款还是向亲朋好友借钱，他都难以开展该项目。(put) （汉译英）

【答案】Itis difficult for him to put the project off the ground, either by applying fora loan from a bank or borrowing money from relatives and friends.

VI. Guided Writing

56. 随着手机及其他电子设备的普及，“低头族”随处可见。大街上，公交车上……，以年轻人为主。针对这一问题，请写一篇倡议书，提醒人们低头看手机的危害，并呼吁人们尽量抬起头来。

要求：

1.观点鲜明；

2.行文连贯流畅；

3.字数100左右。文章开头已经给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：低头族 phubber

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】Themobile phone and other electric devices have been part of our life, bringing usconvenience. However, more and more phubbers, especially young people, burythemselves in their phones without looking at what was going on around them.

Obviously,their health is the first to bear the brunt of phubbing. Constantly bendingheads to check cell phones could harm people’s physical health. Symptomsinclude eye strain, neck and shoulder pain, headaches and blurred vision. Butthat’s not all. Being a phubber could also damage people’s social skills anddrive them away from their friends and family.

Now, it’stime to raise heads from electronic devices. Try to cut the amount of time oncell phones and take a break every hour. Only in this way can everyone gainquality time with loved ones and a healthier lifestyle as well.